Standal: Politics of Survival مقاله

خلاصه ماشینی:

He does not believe that refinement of temperament and sophistication are exclusive to a specific social class, and he has no doubt that these qualities have the least manifestation in the class where they are thought to be most prominent; but his concern is that these qualities inevitably remain limited to a group of marginal elites or the so-called "unfortunate few" ــ and while Stendhal learns to accept the reality of his situation as a great but almost unknown writer in his own time, his prediction about the loneliness of the artist in mass society moves closer and closer to the truth. Politics deprives Count Mosca and Duchess San Severina of happiness, and prevents Fabrizio from escaping with his beloved little Clélia; politics is a global force that diverts human attention from their most natural instincts; but there is something else that only Stendhal and Dostoevsky, among the nineteenth-century novelists, know well: politics is an escape for those very passions that politics suppresses; it is not just an obstacle in the way of the will, but also a source of struggle, a cause not only for humiliation and baseness, but sometimes for grandeur and heroism. " Many critics have said that in Mosca's thought, Stendhal has embodied the Machiavellian view of politics; Arnold Hauser, one of the best social critics of our time, writes that Stendhal's stories are "training courses in politics divorced from morality," and with approval, refers to Balzac's remark that if Machiavelli had lived in nineteenth-century Italy and were exiled from there, he would have written the monastery.