The Scientific Method between Al-Jahiz and Ibn Khaldun مقاله

خلاصه ماشینی:

If the research method is the path through which a researcher reaches the truth, and if specific means are used to reach it to grasp the facts of matters, then it is only fitting that both Al-Jahiz and Ibn Khaldun have a method based on scientific thinking to some extent. If we know that (Bacon), the French scientist who derived much of his natural science issues from what Al-Jahiz left behind, lived in the seventeenth century AD, and that (Auguste Comte), whose sociological theories relied on what Ibn Khaldun established in this science, lived until the beginning of the nineteenth century, we realize the magnitude of the intellect and the splendor of the thought that drove me to link the two men. Ibn Khaldun did not stop at rejecting this myth; rather, his intellect led him to discuss it in light of observation and perception, which take reason as a path for departure, saying: "In attributing the blackness, there is an oversight regarding the nature of heat and cold and their effect on the air; for the sun passes over their heads twice every year, close to one another, so the exposure lasts throughout most seasons, increasing the light because of it, and intense heat weighs upon them, causing their skin to darken due to excessive heat"32. Perhaps the most wonderful thing recorded for Al-Jahiz and Ibn Khaldun in this field is the opinions and explanations reported from them, which were results of long pauses, deep insight, and precise discovery, accompanied by sound reasoning for the phenomena of nature, life, or man.