خلاصة:
The management system and management in Iranian society, in the transition from unstable socio-economic development to sustainable, human, and balanced socio-economic development, face various obstacles and constraints. Despite these obstacles and constraints, historical realities and potential possibilities in Iran show that to overcome such a situation, Iranian society possesses very favorable grounds; however, these favorable grounds and potential possibilities only become a reality when viewed with a scholarly, managerial, and responsible perspective. It is with such support that strategic and practical solutions can be provided and Iran's current management system can be guided toward council-based and participatory management, in line with achieving sustainable, human, and balanced development. In order to explain the aforementioned macro-perspective, several fundamental questions are raised that the present article seeks to analyze and explain: 1. Why has the management of Iranian society, in transitioning from traditional, rural, and one-sided management to council-based and participatory management, faced various and extensive crises and fluctuations? 2. Why has the management of Iranian society not been very successful in guiding society toward sustainable, human, and balanced socio-economic development over the past hundred years? 3. What are the obstacles and constraints of the management system, political management, and executive management in Iran? 4. Can the management crisis in Iran be reduced to the minimum possible level through council-based and participatory management? 5. If so, how is the achievement of such a management system possible? Given the author's approach to the socio-economic affairs and issues of Iran, the most important issues and problems of the management system, in accepting council-based and participatory management as well as in delegating parts of responsibilities and facilities to non-governmental institutions and organizations, can be stated as follows: 1. The existence of imbalances in growth and development, and historical obstacles and constraints in the structure and functions of the Iranian social system; 2. Obstacles and constraints arising from Iran's geographical position and regional conditions; 3. The dominance and one-sided, domineering approach of the global economy; 4. The persistence of one-sided, top-down, and historically unfair socio-economic relations and interactions in Iran; 5. The existence of non-technical knowledge and insights and technologies that conflict with unsuitable structures and functions in Iranian society; 6. The continuity of the structure and function of one-sided, paternalistic management with a master-servant approach in Iran. Now, given the historical persistence of unbalanced growth and development, and the internal and external constraints of the aforementioned society, what type of management system, political management, and executive management can guide society toward sustainable, human, and balanced socio-economic development in the current conditions? As stated in the article, the solution to the social, economic, cultural, and political issues, problems, and dilemmas of contemporary Iranian society must be sought in the following two independent variables: 1. Achieving technical knowledge and sustainable production; 2. Step-by-step application of the council-based and participatory management approach in managing societal affairs. The practical, operational, and managerial question that crystallizes from these discussions is how to achieve these two seemingly independent but interdependent variables (mentioned above) in today's chaotic and turbulent world. The present article attempts to provide an exploratory and preliminary answer to this question. Certainly, a more realistic, solid, and scholarly answer requires comprehensive study and investigation of society, and we hope that in the not-too-distant future, this desire and need of the executive and planning management of Iranian society will be realized.
ملخص الجهاز:
A New Approach to the Management System, Council-based and Participatory Management in Iranian Society: A Sociological Analysis and Explanation of the Obstacles and Grounds for the Institutionalization of the Islamic Council in Iran Dr. Seyfollah Seyfollahi 1 1.
Given the author's approach to the economic-social affairs and issues of Iran, the most important issues and problems of the management system, in terms of accepting council-based and participatory management and also in delegating parts of responsibilities and facilities to non-governmental institutions and organizations, can be stated as follows: 1.
As stated in the article, the solution to the social, economic, cultural, and political issues, problems, and dilemmas of the current society of Iran must be sought in the following two independent variables: 1.
Chart No. 3 shows the theoretical dimensions of such criticism and review: Chart No. 3 Theoretical dimensions of the criticism and review of the subject of councils and council-based management in Iran (Refer to the page image) In the author's opinion, this subject should be criticized and reviewed with a socio-economic approach, in the real location and within the global system, and taking into account the temporal conditions and historical background of Iranian society.
3-3 Issues and problems, obstacles, bottlenecks, and the contexts for the formation, institutionalization, and effectiveness of councils, council-based and participatory management in Iranian society Iranian society, in steering its vast economic, demographic, cultural, and environmental resources toward sustainable and human socio-economic development and meeting the needs and demands of its individuals and groups, has faced an unimaginable dilemma and crisis.
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