Abstract:
Khwaja Yusuf Hamadani is one of the great mystics of the fifth and sixth centuries of Islamic Iran, who, due to his placement within the Naqshbandi order, holds a special position for the Naqshbandis. Khwaja Yusuf Hamadani connects Khwaja Abdul Khaliq Ghajdovani (the most important figure in the Naqshbandi chain) to Abu Ali Farmadi, Abul Qasim Kargan, Abul Hasan Kharaqani, Bayazid Bastami, Imam Sadiq (AS), and subsequently through two paths to the Holy Prophet (PBUH). The difference between the Naqshbandi order and other mystical orders is that all Sufi orders connect to the Prophet through Amir al-Mu'minin (AS), who is the essence of prophethood; however, the Naqshbandi order connects its Sufi chain to the Prophet through the first Caliph, similar to outward matters, and this has caused other Sufi orders to sometimes criticize and deny them. In this article, in addition to discussing and criticizing the connection of Khwaja Yusuf Hamadani with the Naqshbandi order, an effort has been made to introduce his Sufi masters and disciples using historical sources; also, the authors have attempted to introduce Abdullah Juni, the unknown sheikh of Khwaja Yusuf Hamadani, whose name has even been recorded incorrectly in most sources.
Machine summary:
Khwaja Yusuf Hamadani connects Khwaja Abd al-Khaliq Ghajdawayani (the most important figure in the Naqshbandi chain) to Abu Ali Farmadi, Abul Qasim Kirmani, Abul Hasan Kharaqani, Bayazid Bastami, Imam Sadiq(ع), and subsequently through two paths to the Holy Prophet(ص).
The Naqshbandis believe that Khwaja Abd al-Khaliq Ghajdawayani, who is the head of the Khwajagan chain, received the order from Khwaja Yusuf Hamadani, who received it from Abu Ali Farmadi, who received it from Abul Qasim Kirmani, who received it from Abul Hasan Kharaqani, who received it from Bayazid Bastami, who received it from Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq(ع), and Imam Sadiq received permission for guidance from Qasim bin Muhammad bin Abi Bakr, who received it from Salman al-Farsi, who received it from Abu Bakr, and Abu Bakr received it from the Prophet(ص) (Kashifi, 1356, Vol. 1: 11-12).
The authors' effort in this article is to use, in addition to mystical hagiographies (tadhkirahs) from books such as al-Ansab, Sifat al-Safwa, Masalik al-Absar, and al-Mukhtar min Tarikh al-Akhyar, and other historical sources to introduce Khwaja Yusuf Hamadani; that is, from works that are more or less close to his time and have been written away from sectarian and order-based prejudices.
According to what has been stated, historical sources and evidence indicate that the master and sheikh of Khwaja Yusuf Hamadani is "Abu Ahmad Abd Allah bin Ali bin Musa," known as Abd Allah Juni.
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