چکیده:
This study investigated cross-cultural differences in the privacy regulation and perception of crowding amongtwo Iranian sub-cultures (Kurdish and Northern women).The primary purpose of this study was to examine whether Northern and Kurdish women differed in their desired and achieved levels of privacy in parks. The second purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the desired and the achieved levels of privacy and the experience of crowding. The final purpose was to describe the cultural differences in the experience of crowding between Northern and Kurdish women. The research methodology was designed on interview and questionnaire. A random size of 600 Kurdish and Northern women was selected in Sanandaj and Rasht cities. Moreover, to examine the survey Chi-Square Test, Independent Sample Test and Analysis of variance were conducted. The results show that Kurdish women desired more privacy in public spaces than Northern women. Regardless of culture, women’s desired and achieved privacy levels have associations with the level of perceived crowding in public spaces. These findings assist environmental designers to present strategies for achieving privacy in relation to Iranian sub-cultures.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Investigating Cross-Cultural Differences in the Privacy Regulation and Perception of Crowding (Northern and Kurdish Women in Iran) *1Fatemeh Mohammad Niay Gharaei, 2Mojtaba Rafieian 1Ph. D.
2013 This study investigated cross-cultural differences in the privacy regulation and perception of crowding among two Iranian sub-cultures (Kurdish and Northern women).
Privacy; Crowding; Culture; Iranian women INTRODUCTION The desire for privacy is a public deed but it related to variables such as culture, age, gender, personality, and situated factors (Hall 1966, Altman & Chemers 1980).
In order to compensate for this gap in knowledge, this study covers two groups of women (Kurdish and Northern), assessing their differences in privacy regulation and perception of crowding, in city parks.
Specific research question were examined: Do Northern and Kurdish women differ in their desired and achieved privacy levels?
The primary purpose of this study was to examine whether Northern and Kurdish women differed in their desired and achieved levels of privacy in parks.
The primary purpose of this study was to examine whether Northern and Kurdish women differed in their desired and achieved levels of privacy in parks.
Crowding mean scores for Northern and Kurdish women Differences in the Experience of Crowding In order to make a comparison, the interviewed were divided into three groups based on their discrepancy scores between the achieved and desired privacy levels (Altman, 1975).
For both groups of women (Kurdish and Northern), the results indicate a significant relationship between the achieved and the desired levels of privacy and the perception of crowding.