چکیده:
Management of natural ecosystems, like forests, has several objectives such as wood production, sustainability of ecological systems, preserving aestheti,c and cultural or psychological satisfaction. This management is especially essential in dry regions with sensitive biodiversity, like Iran. The aim of this research is to elaborate a management scheme for developing a sustainable tourism plan for the Kiyan Forest Reserve, using an Analytical Hierarchy Process. At this point, four management alternatives were evaluated from socioeconomic, management (monitoring by governmental or private sector), environment and recreational perspectives. Each part was given a weight based on the opinions of specialists and local experts and tourist (by means of Questionnaire) using the "Expert Choice 11" Software. The results showed that the importance of these criteria is descending in the following order: socioeconomic, management (monitoring), environment, and finally promotion of the regional conservation and biological actions. Also, contribution of each part to the management plan was 47.8% for the environment and 46.2% for the promoting plan of the regional management. In this study, environment criterion is selected as the most important criterion and upgrading region protection is introduced as the best plan. Consideration towards the application of Analytical Hierarchy Process in tourism sustainable development and based on the former findings concludes that protection level in this area must be upgraded to national natural zone.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Scale of preferences in the pairwise comparison process using expert’s opinions (Ghodsipour, 2010a) Definition Absolute importance Demonstrated importance Essential or strong importance Weak importance of one over another Equal importance Intermediate values between the two adjacent judgments Next, in order to choose the best plan, four main criteria comprising socioeconomic, environmental, management and recreational capability with following sub criteria were considered: Socioeconomic Criteria Raised income of the native people Public participation in sustainable tourism plan Economical justification of reserve development Management criteria Management Transfer (to governmental or nongovernmental section) Welfare services (such as Hotels, Restaurants, Tele Cabin…) Tourists' Safety Environmental criteria The Effect of reserve development on sustainable conservation The Effect of tourist’s number on vegetation cover destruction The Effect of watershed management structures on water and soil conservation Recreational capability criteria Geographical characteristics (situation, area and geological features) Exclusive landscapes Infrastructure installations (road, parking, electric power…) Finally, some alternatives to solve the problems in the study area were selected as following projects: Project 1: public participation as a basic strategy to develop tourism management plan Project 2: creating jobs and income for local people, according to the needs of visitors Project 3: management and conservation of study area by nongovernmental section Project 4: promotion of the study area's protection level to national natural zone.