چکیده:
Crops growing in salt-affected soils may suffer from physiological drought stress, ion toxicity, and mineral deficiency.
A pot study was conducted in 2004-2005 in the Aghala area (northern Iran) to study the effect of different salinity levels,
i.e. ECe= 3 (control), 8, 12 and 16 dS m-1 on wheat grain, yield components and leaf ion uptake of four Iranian wheat
genotypes, i.e. Kouhdasht, Atrak, Rasoul and Tajan. Treatments were replicated three times in a completely randomized
design in a factorial arrangement. Desired salinity levels were obtained by mixing adequate NaCl before filling the pots.
Soil water was maintained at 70% of available water holding capacity. Results revealed that Kouhdasht and Tajan showed
highest and lowest grain yield and its components as compared to other cultivars at different salinity levels. Leaf Na+ and
Cl- concentrations of all genotypes increased significantly with increasing soil salinity, with the highest concentrations in
Tajan, followed by Rasoul, Atrak and Kouhdasht cultivars, respectively. Highest leaf K+ concentration and K+: Na+ ratio
were observed in Kouhdasht cultivar, followed by Atrak, Rasoul and Tajan, respectively. Therefore, Kouhdasht and Atrak
were identified as the most salt-tolerant genotypes as compared to two other wheat genotypes.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Van Dammeb a Assistant Professor, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran b Assistant Professor, Ghent University, Ghent , Belgium Received: 11 August 2011; Received in revised form: 8 December 2011; Accepted: 26 January 2012 Abstract Crops growing in salt-affected soils may suffer from physiological drought stress, ion toxicity, and mineral deficiency.
Results revealed that Kouhdasht and Tajan showed highest and lowest grain yield and its components as compared to other cultivars at different salinity levels.
Leaf Na+ and Cl- concentrations of all genotypes increased significantly with increasing soil salinity, with the highest concentrations in Tajan, followed by Rasoul, Atrak and Kouhdasht cultivars, respectively.
Therefore, the aim of the present study was to quantify effects of different salinity levels on grain yield, yield components and leaf ion concentrations of these wheat genotypes.
3. 4 Spike Length Spike length of all wheat genotypes was decreased significantly by applying different levels of salinity as compared to control treatment (Fig. 1d).
3. 5 Number of Tillers per Plant (NTP) NTP of all wheat genotypes significantly decreased with increasing salinity levels (Fig. 1e).
3. 6 Number of Spikes per Plant (NSP) NSP of all wheat genotypes decreased significantly with increasing salinity levels (Fig. 1f).
Under all salinity levels, genotypes were ordered in terms of leaf Cl- concentration as: Tajan > Rasoul > Atrak > Kouhdasht, with all values being significantly different.
Grain yield and TGW of the four wheat genotypes tested here significantly decreased with increasing salinity levels.