چکیده:
A person with moderate mental retardation would, in a western country, be "diagnosed" early on in life. Consequently, such a child is likely to be sent for special education. Given the high level of job requirements, such a person is unlikely to be employed in the open market later in life. Mental retardation is one of the most frequent disabilities in most studies, mental retardation is found in about three percent of the population. Persons even with mild mental retardation have very large difficulties finding employment and are for this reason often deprived of opportunities for suitable and productive income generation this is why most stay poor. But disability does not only cause poverty poverty itself causes disability. This study follows an analysis, based on a review of the Swedish programme for mental retardation during the period 1930-2000. It is concluded that in Sweden a very large proportion of mild and moderate mental retardation has been eliminated though the combination of poverty alleviation with a community-based rehabilitation programme. For these situations a pro-active programme analysing and meeting the needs of the target groups should be useful as a means to achieve poverty alleviation.
خلاصه ماشینی:
1 Community Based Rehabilitation Organization, Lisbon, Portugal A person with moderate mental retardation would, in a western country, be "diagnosed" early on in life.
It is concluded that in Sweden a very large proportion of mild and moderate mental retardation has been eliminated though the combination of poverty alleviation with a community-based rehabilitation programme.
It is based on a large number of data and estimates from scientific Alcoholism and drug abuse 30 - 35 Trauma/Injury Traffic accidents 20 - 25 Occupational accidents 10 - 12 Home accidents 15 - 20 Other 2 - 3 Malnutrition 7 - 10 Other 2 - 3 ESTIMATED TOTAL 300 - 350 Mental retardation is one of the most frequent disabilities; in most studies, mental retardation is found in about three percent of the population.
It demonstrates that the incidence and prevalence of mental retardation can be reduced by over 90 percent through a poverty alleviation programme in combination with an adequate community-based rehabilitation programme.
We may conclude that Sweden during the years 1930-2000, and especially 1960-1980 implemented a proactive Government-lead combination of poverty alleviation and a community-based rehabilitation programme, targeted to all persons with disabilities, including those with MR.
Iranian Rehabilitation Journal ۴٣43 Table 6 shows that the average life expectancy of persons with Down’s syndrome was during the 1920-30 2-3 years, by 1950-60 15 years, by 1970-80 Year Population, million Total number of persons with mental retardation, thousands Prevalence percent 35 years and by 1990- 2000 57 years.