چکیده:
سال ها است که شهرها به نقاط استراتژیک بروز سیاستهای نئولیبرال در بعد جغرافیایی و مکانی تبدیل گشته اند. علارغم ظاهر جهانی، سیاست های نئولیبرالیسم، به عنوان هژمونی غالب فضای اقتصاد سیاسی دهه های اخیر، هیچ گاه به یک شیوه واحد در اشکال شهری تبلور نیافته اند. زمینه ی اقتصادی-سیاسی موجود و شیوه های تولید، تعیین کننده ی نحوه ی بروز نئولیبرالیسم هستند(نئولیبرالیسم به واقع موجود). از طرف دیگر، نئولیبرالیسم به شدت «روش مند» است و با فرایندی کاملا برنامه ریزی شده شکل شهر را به منظور جانمایی، باز آرایی و جابجایی بنگاه های اقتصادی خویش متحول می گرداند. این دو ویژگی شکل دهنده ی «پروژه بازسازی نئولیبرال» هستند. درک شکل شهری از خلال فرایند بازسازی نئولیبرال، هدف این مقاله را تشکیل می دهد. در این راستا، پس از تعریف چارچوب نظری براساس دو رویکرد متمایز و درعین حال درهم تنیده ی مطرح در ادبیات موضوع(راجر کیل، و برنر و تئودر)، سه لایه ی کارکردی پروژه بازسازی نئولیبرال در شهر تشخیص داده شده است: لایه عملکردی، لایه ساختاری و لایه تحول حس مشترک؛ سپس شاخص های ساختاری نئولیبرالیسم در شهر، در دو مرحله مجزا از فرایند نئولیبرالیزه شدن، یعنی مکانیزم جهان-محلی شدن و مکانیزم شهرگرایی نئولیبرال، در سه گروه کالبدی-فضایی، اجتماعی-فرهنگی و سیاسی- اقتصادی در قالب ماتریس شاخص ها تبیین گشته اند. ماتریس حاصله، ابزاری اولیه برای تحلیل فرایند نئولیبرالیزه شدن مکان های جغرافیایی و شهری در سه مقیاس محلی، ملی و جهانی است، و نشان می دهد نئولیبرالیسم از طریق تحول اقتصاد سیاسی در مقیاس جهانی، دخالت در فناوری های قدرت در مقیاس ملی، و تغییر در کیفیت زندگی روزمره در مقیاس محلی بر شهر اثر می گذارد.
Cities play a strategic role in contemporary political-economic space. Despite of global process-based distribution of political and theoretical status of neo-liberalism, it’s geographical and spatial space transformations have never been experienced at determined methods. This paper indicates the question of neoliberal city form. Question in which relies on “actually existing neo-liberalism” as a key character of “neo-liberal restructuring project”. It refers to ways in which different local contexts are embedded within wider dominant global structural grid of neo-liberal discursive command centers. It implies another key attribute, the “path dependent neo-liberalism”, the neo-liberal project defined on contextually embedded bases, elaborately rearranges, replaces and redefines the structures of existing institutional layout and subsequently transforms the shape of the city in two critical moment of neoliberal restructuring project: the “moment of destruction” and the “moment of creation”. Three different layers of neo-liberal process in cities has distinguished by synthesizing two theoretically different but dialectically intertwined methodological foundations: functional layer, structural layer, “common sense revolution” layer. This synthesized theoretical frame work has conceptualized the contemporary neo-liberal city form transformation by emphasizing on distinction between two different mechanisms of neo-liberal project, the glocalization and urbanization stages. In the last part, explanation of an analytic model of neo-liberal city transformation has been emerged from discussed issues. The columns of this table-formatted model, consists of the layers of neo-liberal process and the rows Includes integrated dimensions of city form. This model provides primitive analytic criteria for understanding the overall layers of neo-liberalization process in specific urban contexts. Cities play a strategic role in contemporary political-economic space. Despite of global process-based distribution of political and theoretical status of neo-liberalism, it’s geographical and spatial space transformations have never been experienced at determined methods. This paper indicates the question of neoliberal city form. Question in which relies on “actually existing neo-liberalism” as a key character of “neo-liberal restructuring project”. It refers to ways in which different local contexts are embedded within wider dominant global structural grid of neo-liberal discursive command centers. It implies another key attribute, the “path dependent neo-liberalism”, the neo-liberal project defined on contextually embedded bases, elaborately rearranges, replaces and redefines the structures of existing institutional layout and subsequently transforms the shape of the city in two critical moment of neoliberal restructuring project: the “moment of destruction” and the “moment of creation”. Three different layers of neo-liberal process in cities has distinguished by synthesizing two theoretically different but dialectically intertwined methodological foundations: functional layer, structural layer, “common sense revolution” layer. This synthesized theoretical frame work has conceptualized the contemporary neo-liberal city form transformation by emphasizing on distinction between two different mechanisms of neo-liberal project, the glocalization and urbanization stages. In the last part, explanation of an analytic model of neo-liberal city transformation has been emerged from discussed issues. The columns of this table-formatted model, consists of the layers of neo-liberal process and the rows Includes integrated dimensions of city form. This model provides primitive analytic criteria for understanding the overall layers of neo-liberalization process in specific urban contexts. Cities play a strategic role in contemporary political-economic space. Despite of global process-based distribution of political and theoretical status of neo-liberalism, it’s geographical and spatial space transformations have never been experienced at determined methods. This paper indicates the question of neoliberal city form. Question in which relies on “actually existing neo-liberalism” as a key character of “neo-liberal restructuring project”. It refers to ways in which different local contexts are embedded within wider dominant global structural grid of neo-liberal discursive command centers. It implies another key attribute, the “path dependent neo-liberalism”, the neo-liberal project defined on contextually embedded bases, elaborately rearranges, replaces and redefines the structures of existing institutional layout and subsequently transforms the shape of the city in two critical moment of neoliberal restructuring project: the “moment of destruction” and the “moment of creation”. Three different layers of neo-liberal process in cities has distinguished by synthesizing two theoretically different but dialectically intertwined methodological foundations: functional layer, structural layer, “common sense revolution” layer. This synthesized theoretical frame work has conceptualized the contemporary neo-liberal city form transformation by emphasizing on distinction between two different mechanisms of neo-liberal project, the glocalization and urbanization stages. In the last part, explanation of an analytic model of neo-liberal city transformation has been emerged from discussed issues. The columns of this table-formatted model, consists of the layers of neo-liberal process and the rows Includes integrated dimensions of city form. This model provides primitive analytic criteria for understanding the overall layers of neo-liberalization process in specific urban contexts. Cities play a strategic role in contemporary political-economic space. Despite of global process-based distribution of political and theoretical status of neo-liberalism, it’s geographical and spatial space transformations have never been experienced at determined methods. This paper indicates the question of neoliberal city form. Question in which relies on “actually existing neo-liberalism” as a key character of “neo-liberal restructuring project”. It refers to ways in which different local contexts are embedded within wider dominant global structural grid of neo-liberal discursive command centers. It implies another key attribute, the “path dependent neo-liberalism”, the neo-liberal project defined on contextually embedded bases, elaborately rearranges, replaces and redefines the structures of existing institutional layout and subsequently transforms the shape of the city in two critical moment of neoliberal restructuring project: the “moment of destruction” and the “moment of creation”. Three different layers of neo-liberal process in cities has distinguished by synthesizing two theoretically different but dialectically intertwined methodological foundations: functional layer, structural layer, “common sense revolution” layer. This synthesized theoretical frame work has conceptualized the contemporary neo-liberal city form transformation by emphasizing on distinction between two different mechanisms of neo-liberal project, the glocalization and urbanization stages. In the last part, explanation of an analytic model of neo-liberal city transformation has been emerged from discussed issues. The columns of this table-formatted model, consists of the layers of neo-liberal process and the rows Includes integrated dimensions of city form. This model provides primitive analytic criteria for understanding the overall layers of neo-liberalization process in specific urban contexts.