چکیده:
The policy of creating new towns in developing countries like Iran has been implemented to provide housing, reduce high migration rates to major metropolises and be incorporated within regional developmental policies. These new towns in Iran, however, face some problems. One of the most important challenges these towns deal with is that unwillingness of the residents to stay there after the improvement of their economic situations. Urban planners cite various reasons for this phenomenon, including the excessive dependence of these towns on metropolises and low quality urban services and facilities. However, the low level of residents’ social capital accounts for one of the main factors for reduced place attachment and desire to stay in a place. This research studies the relation between the three concepts of social capital, place satisfaction and place attachment and their effects on residents’ desire to stay in a new town. The investigation was completed using structural equation models and confirmatory factor analysis. The model was tested on a sample of 383 residents of Andishe New Town, located 30 kilometers west of Tehran. The findings reveal that the indicators of social capital directly affect place satisfaction and place attachment. These three indicators explain the desire to stay in a new town. Therefore, this model provides a conceptual framework for research on social capital, place satisfaction and place attachment. Social development strategies can also be used as a planning tool to enhance place attachment and population stabilization in new towns. Therefore, apart from improving the objective conditions of the environment, social capital and place attachment can be effective factors for the population stabilization strategy.
خلاصه ماشینی:
This research studies the relation between the three concepts of social capital, place satisfaction and place attachment and their effects on residents’ desire to stay in a new town.
Researchers consider the lack of social networks and local interactions among residents, as well as low level of trust as the main indicators of social capital, which result in decreased levels of place satisfaction and place attachment (De Donder et al.
Ramkissoon & Mavondo (2015) have pointed out in their research that in most studies, place attachment serves as a factor by which place satisfaction can be explained.
Based on this quantitative study, place attachment is related to the communication between neighbors and the promotion of social networks which are social capital indicators According to the above mentioned studies, the conceptual relationships between the variables of this research are supported by the theoretical literature.
The Status of Social Capital, Place Satisfaction and Place Attachment in Different Phases of Andisheh New Town THE MODELING PROCESS Based on the hypotheses, the following conceptual model has been designed for the research (Fig. 4).
In this model, as shown in Fig. 8, the structural relations between the three main latent variables of the research (social capital, place satisfaction and place attachment) as well as the desire to stay in a place (as an obvious variable) have been evaluated.
According to the structural equation model of this research, the hypothesis of the relationship between social capital and place satisfaction has been confirmed.