چکیده:
his study attempts to examine the empirical relationship between gasoline taxes (as the most effective energy carrier of emissions) and labor productivities in the case of Iran using the time series data for the period 1990-2015 usingthe autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach. This research tests the interrelationship between the variables using the bounds testing to cointegration procedure. First, we estimated gasoline demand function by ARDL method and thereafter we subordinated the estimated gasoline demand as regressors in the per capita of labor productivity function. According to price variation in the gasoline demand, we calculated the effect of the green tax on labor productivity over three scenarios. The results imply green tax over three scenarios even though Porter Hypothesis has a negative impact on the labor productivity. Estimating the Error Correction model reveals that the speed of adjustment to restore equilibrium is a stable long-run relationship.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The Effect of Green Taxes on Labor Productivity in the Iranian Economy Reyhaneh Sedehi1, Homa Esfahanian*2 Received: 2018, November 12 Accepted: 2019, February 10 his study attempts to examine the empirical relationship between gasoline taxes (as the most effective energy carrier of emissions) andlabor productivities in the case of Iran using the time series data for theperiod 1990-2015 usingthe autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach.
Based on empirical literature; Adenikinju (1999) and Wang (2011), the long run relationship between Energy (gasoline) demand per labor, Real Price of gasoline, GDP per capita and openness can be specified1 as: ln(�� ) = �0 + �1 ln �� + �2 ln �� + �3 ln ���� + �� (1) where EL is energy (gasoline) demand per labor, is real price of gasoline as a measure of green taxes, GDP is real GDP per capita and OPEN stands for the ratio of the value of total trade to GDP, is a stationary error term.
Table 2: Bounds Test Results F-statistic Lag Significance Level Model 1 (Energy Demand equation) Bound Critical Values I(0) I(1) The next step of the procedure would be to estimate the coefficients of the long-run relations and the associated error correction model (ECM) using the ARDL approach.
However, implementing the green taxes through three scenarios increases the price of gasoline in short-run with circumstances of stability in the other factors, induce the diminution in Energy demand and then decreases the labor productivities.
According to the results of the research in the long-run, with the implementation of the green taxes, the energy demand will decrease which in turn will aggravate the labor productivity diminution.