چکیده:
Objective: The present study aimed to determine the roles of maternal care and overprotection. We also explored how they are combined to develop rumination as well as various childhood traumas and parenting styles as the risk factors for depression.
Methods: This was a retrospective study with a causal-comparative design. In total, 175 students with the ِMean±SD age of 21±2.75 years (age range: 18-35 years) affiliated to Alborz Medical University, Tehran University, and Kharazmi University have been selected using purposive sampling method. They completed the 2nd version of Beck Depression Inventory, Ruminative Response Scale, Parental Bonding Instrument, and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed by the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), path analysis, mediation analysis, and correlation calculations, in SPSS and AMOS.
Results: The mediating role of rumination in respect of parenting styles (P<0.02) and depression (P<0.001) was statistically significant. Moreover, parenting styles and childhood traumas, and their interaction may lead to the development of rumination and depression (P<0.001). The pathways of the effects were different; limited mother’s care plays an indirect role in this process. This indicates that it will lead to depression and rumination only if emotional abuse is experienced in childhood. However, overprotection can directly lead to these conditions.
Conclusion: Paying attention to parenting styles, childhood traumas, and their interaction to prevent rumination and depression is important. This is due to the identified direct and indirect effects of parenting behaviors.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Research Paper: The Mediating Role of Rumination on Parenting Style, Childhood Trauma, and Adulthood Depression Ali Bahari1 /, Mahsa Akbarian Firoozabadi1* /, Shahram Mohammadkhani1 1.
197 Article info: Received: 13 Jan 2019 Accepted: 22 May 2019 Available Online: 01 Jul 2019 Keywords: Depression, Rumination, Parenting style, Childhood trauma A B S T R A C T Objective: The present study aimed to determine the roles of maternal care and overprotection.
Studies have considered fac-tors like parenting styles (Chow Lo, 2017; Williams, Harfmann, Ingram, Hagan, Kramer, 2015), and child-hood traumas (Kim, Jin, Jung, Hahn, Lee, 2017), as effective environmental phenomena, leading to the de-velopment of rumination.
Calculated correlations between used scales {مراجعه شود به فایل جدول الحاقی} * P BDI: Beck Depression Inventory; RT: Rumination-Total; RB: Rumination-Brooding; RR: Rumination-Reflection; MC: Maternal Care; MO: Maternal Overprotection; CTT: Childhood Trauma-Total; EA: Emotional Abuse; PA: Physical Abuse; SA: Sexual Abuse; EN: Emotional Neglect; PN: Physical Neglect samples (Preacher Hayes, 2004).
4. Discussion The present study aimed to clarify the roles of care and overprotection, their combination in the development of rumination, and the simultaneous concurrence of vari-ous childhood abuse types along with parenting styles, in the development of depression symptoms.
The Mediating Role of Rumination on Parenting Style, Childhood Trauma, and Adulthood Depression.
The Mediating Role of Rumination on Parenting Style, Childhood Trauma, and Adulthood Depression.
The Mediating Role of Rumination on Parenting Style, Childhood Trauma, and Adulthood Depression.
The Mediating Role of Rumination on Parenting Style, Childhood Trauma, and Adulthood Depression.