چکیده:
Objective: The major focus of present literature on marital satisfaction is about the processes that weaken it in couples. In contrast, positive factors that may contribute to the prosperity of couples’ relationships are less widely considered. Gratitude is one of the factors that its role and in particular, the pathways that associate it to marital satisfaction are not studied. The current study aimed at investigating the direct and indirect effects of gratitude and optimism on marital satisfaction.
Methods: The current cross-sectional study using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was conducted on 241 married female teachers. The data collection was performed using the ENRICH Marital Satisfaction (EMS), Gratitude Questionnaire-6 (GQ-6), and Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R). Amos -24 and SPSS V. 24 software packages were applied for data analysis. Bootstrap in Preacher and Hayes’ Macro program was used for testing mediation.
Results: Results indicated that the model with some modification had a good fit with the data (/DF=1.86, GFI=0.95, IFI=0.97, CFI=0.97, NFI=0.94, RMSEA=0.06). The gratitude had a positive direct effect on marital satisfaction (β=0.32, p<0.05) and optimism (β=0.57, p<0.05). Optimism had a positive direct effect on marital satisfaction (β=0.50, p<0.05). The gratitude had a positive indirect effect on marital satisfaction via optimism (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Gratitude, directly and indirectly, through increased optimism, is associated with higher marital satisfaction. The current study results showed a stage into a better understanding of positive processes that can protect couples against marital dissatisfaction; counselors can help couples in attaining and keeping marital satisfaction via the training and enhancement of gratitude.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Research Paper: The Direct and Indirect Effects of Gratitude and Optimism on the Marital Satisfaction Sakineh Saeidi1 /, Ali Mohamadzadeh Ebrahimi2* /, Aliakbar Soleimanian1 / 1.
The Direct and Indirect Effects of Gratitude and Optimism on the Marital Satisfaction.
The current study aimed at investigating the direct and indirect effects of gratitude and optimism on marital satisfaction.
Presum-ably, gratitude through increased optimism has a positive indirect effect on marital satisfaction.
Research shows that op-timism is associated with a high level of commitment in interpersonal relationships (Carver Segerstrom, 2010) and marital satisfaction (McNulty Karney, 2004).
Overall, considering the literature and the above, the current study aimed to investigate the direct effect of gratitude on the marital satisfaction in married female teachers.
, 1994; Schou, Ekeberg, Ruland, Sandvik, Kåresen et al.
Final model of direct and indirect relationships between gratitude, optimism and marital satisfaction {مراجعه شود به فایل جدول الحاقی} July 2019, Volume 7, Number 3 Table 2.
In other words, the results of Table 3 show a positive indirect effect of the gratitude on the marital satisfaction with mediating of the optimism.
4. Discussion The current study aimed investigating the direct and indirect effects of gratitude and optimism on marital sat-isfaction using a structural equation modeling approach.
The final model showed a positive indirect effect of the gratitude on the marital satisfaction with mediating the optimism.
A longitudinal study can more certainly con-firm the indirect relationships of gratitude, optimism, and marital satisfaction.