چکیده:
ﻧﻘﻮش ﻫﻨﺮ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ در ﻋﯿﻦ داراﺑﻮدن زیﺒﺎیﯽ ﺑﺼﺮی ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﺰیﯿﻨﯽ ﻧﯿﺴﺘﻨﺪ، ﺑﻠﮑﻪ در ذات ﺧﻮد ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪی دارﻧﺪ. ایﻦ ﻫﻨﺮ ﺑﻪ واﺳﻄﻪ ﺣﮑﻤﺖ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻟﯽ ﺧﻮد در ﻧﻤﺎدﭘﺮدازی، اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت زیﺎدی دارد ﮐﻪ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮیﻦ آن ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻪ اﺳﺖ، اﻣﺎ در آن ﻧﻘﺶ ﺣﯿﻮان ﮐﻤﺘﺮ دیﺪه ﻣﯽﺷﻮد و ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ ﺣﻀﻮر اﻧﺪک ایﻦ ﻧﻘﻮش ﻫﺮ ﺟﺎ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺠﺎل ﺧﻮدﻧﻤﺎیﯽ یﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ، ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﻧﻤﺎدی اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﺷﺎره ﺑﻪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﺧﺎﺻﯽ دارد. در ﺑﻨﺎی آراﻣﮕﺎﻫﯽ روﺷﻦآﺑﺎد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻘﻌﻪای ﮐﻮﭼﮏ در ﮔﺮﮔﺎن اﺳﺖ، ﺣﻀﻮر ﺗﺼﺎویﺮ ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﺮﻧﺪه و ﻣﺎﻫﯽ در ﻣﯿﺎن ﻧﻘﺶﻣﺎیﻪﻫﺎی ﺗﺰیﯿﻨﯽ، ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺟﻠﺐ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎدیﻦ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ. اﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺎ دارای ﻧﻘﻮش اﻧﺘﺰاﻋﯽ در ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﯽ دﻗﯿﻖ و ﻣﻨﺴﺠﻤﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺧﺼﻠﺖﻫﺎی اﺳﻼﻣﯽ آن را ﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﺑﺮ ایﻦ اﺳﺎس ﺗﻼش ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽﻫﺎی اﻧﺠﺎمﺷﺪه در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﻤﺎدﮔﺮایﯽ ﻧﻘﺶﻣﺎیﻪﻫﺎی ﺗﺰیﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺣﮑﻤﺖ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد.
ایﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در آن از اﺑﺰار ﮔﺮدآوری اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت اﺳﻨﺎدی و ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪای و ﻧﯿﺰ ﺷﻮاﻫﺪ ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.
ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽﻫﺎی اﻧﺠﺎمﺷﺪه در ایﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﭼﻨﯿﻦ اﻇﻬﺎر داﺷﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ ﺑﺎزﺗﺎب ﻋﻘﺎیﺪ ﻋﺎرﻓﺎﻧﻪ و ﺷﯿﻌﯽ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻧﻤﺎدﻫﺎیﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم اﻣﺎﻣﺖ و راﻫﻨﻤﺎیﯽ و دﺳﺘﮕﯿﺮی اﺷﺎره ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ، در ﻧﻘﻮش ﻧﻤﺎدیﻦ ﺑﻨﺎی روﺷﻦآﺑﺎد ﭘﺮرﻧﮓﺗﺮیﻦ دﺳﺘﺎویﺰ ﺗﺰیﯿﻨﺎت ﺑﻮده اﻧﺪ.
Islamic art patterns have both visual beauty and symbolic values. Islamic art with its sublime wisdom in its symbolization has lots of possibilities that the most important tool of it, is geometry, but between the Islamic decorative motifs, the animal patterns are less visible. It seems the little presence of this figure in among of Islamic decorative motifs shows symbolism trend that points to special concept. In Roshan Abad building, figures like fish and bird attract attention and it seems are designed based on special concepts. Thus, in the present study, it is tried to study the symbolism of decorative motifs based on Islamic wisdom.
This study is descriptive-historical research and qualitatively analyzes the research information, direct observations, as well as library research are also used for data gathering.
According to the results of the present study, it seems reflection of Shia and mystical ideas as symbols that insinuate to concepts like pontificate and guidance, is the most voucher in decorations of Roshan Abad building.