چکیده:
ﻧﻈﺎم، ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ای از اﺻﻮل ﻣﻨﻈﻢ و ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ و ﻫﺮ ﻧﻈﺎم ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ ﻣﺘﺸﮑﻞ از ﯾﮏ ﺳﺮی اﺻﻮل و ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮﺧﻮرداری ﻫﺮ ﻧﻈﺎم ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ از اﺻﻮل ﻣﻨﺴﺠﻢ و ﻣﺘﺮﻗﯽ، ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﭘﻮﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد. اﺳﻨﺎد رﺳﻤﯽ ﻫﻢ دارای ﯾﮏ ﺳﺮی اﺻﻮل و ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ ﻣﺨﺼﻮص اﺳﺖ و ﻧﻈﺎم ﺣﻘﻮق اﺳﻨﺎد رﺳﻤﯽ را ﻣﺜﻞ داﻧﻪ ﻫﺎی ﯾﮏ ﺗﺴﺒﯿﺢ ﺑﻪ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ و ﺷﻔﺎف ﻣﯽ ﺳﺎزد و اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ را ﻣﻄﺮح ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺪف، ﻓﻠﺴﻔﻪ و رﺳﺎﻟﺖ اﺳﻨﺎد رﺳﻤﯽ در اﯾﺮان ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎی ﮐﺪام اﺻﻮل و ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ و اﯾﻦ اﺻﻮل و ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻪ ﻣﻮاﻧﻌﯽ روﺑﺮو ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ؟. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺗﺮاوﺷﺎت ذﻫﻨﯽ و ﻓﻠﺴﻔﯽ ﻧﮕﺎرﻧﺪه اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ و ﺑﺎ ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ وﻇﺎﯾﻒ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺛﺒﺖ اﺳﻨﺎد و اﻣﻼک و ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ ﺣﻘﻮق اﺳﻨﺎد رﺳﻤﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻓﺮﺿﯿﻪ را ﺑﻪ اﺛﺒﺎت ﻣﯽرﺳﺎﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺳﺘﻮن ﻓﻘﺮات ﺣﻘﻮق اﺳﻨﺎد رﺳﻤﯽ ﻣﺘﮑﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻮزاﺋﯿﮑﯽ از ﭼﻨﺪ اﺻﻞ ﻣﺘﺮﻗﯽ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺪون ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ و ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎﺗﯽ ﮐﺮدن اﯾﻦ اﺻﻮل، اﻋﺘﺒﺎر و ﻣﺄﻣﻮرﯾﺖ ذاﺗﯽ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺛﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﺘﻮﻟﯽ ﺻﺪور اﺳﻨﺎد رﺳﻤﯽ ﻣﺨﺪوش ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺛﺒﺖ ﺑﺪون ﭘﯿﺎده ﺳﺎزی اﯾﻦ اﺻﻮل، ﻫﻤﻮاره از اﻫﺪاف اﺻﻠﯽ ﺧﻮد ﯾﻌﻨﯽ ﺑﺮﭘﺎﺋﯽ ﺻﻠﺢ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮی از ﻣﻨﺎزﻋﺎت ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ ﺑﺎز ﻣﯽﻣﺎﻧﺪ.
The system is a set of regular and interconnected principles, and each legal system consists of a series of principles and foundations. The existence of any legal system with coherent and progressive principles causes the dynamism of society. Official documents also have a series of special principles and rules, and the legal system connects official documents like the seeds of a rosary, and raises the question of what is the purpose, philosophy and mission of official documents in Iran, based on which principles and foundations. And what are the obstacles to these principles and foundations? The present study is the result of the author's mental and philosophical leaks and with a descriptive-analytical method and focusing on studying the duties of the Property and Deeds Registration Organization and the nature of notarial rights, proves the hypothesis that the backbone of notarial rights is based on a mosaic of several principles. It is progressive and without recognizing and implementing these principles, the credibility and inherent mission of the registration organization as the organization in charge of issuing official documents is damaged. As a result, without implementing these principles, the registration organization always fails to achieve its main goals of establishing social peace and preventing legal disputes.