چکیده:
نماد نشانهای از امری است که امر دیگر را القا میکند. در این شیوه، هنرمند، واقعیتها را نه به طور مستقیم بلکه به صورت نشانهها ارائه کرده است. در هنرهای نمایشی، نمایشنامهها بر پایه نمادها استوار هستند و شکل گرفتهاند. در معماری، معمار میتواند با استفاده از زبان الگوها بناها را شکل دهد. در این پژوهش، هدف بررسی کاربرد نماد در ادبیات نمایشی و معماری است و مقایسه تفاوتها و شباهتهای نماد در فضاهای معماری و متن نمایشنامهی پرنده آبی اثر موریس مترلینگ. روش به کار رفته تحلیلی توصیفی و ابزار به کار رفته مطالعات کتابخانهای و تحلیل دادههای حاصل است. نمایشنامهها، جامعه آماری و نمایشنامهی پرنده آبی نمونه آماری میباشند. نتیجه این است که با فضا نیز میتوان تخیل ایجاد کرد و بیننده فضا را آن طور که خود تصور میکند درک میکند و میتوان رنج و غم را در بنا با استفاده از عناصر فیزیکی نشان داد. همچنین میتوان در نوشتههای ادبی و نمایشی با استفاده از کلام، هندسه و تزیینات، ایده طراحانه و عناصر را وارد روح کار کرده و احساسات خواننده را درگیر نمود.
A symbol is a mark or word that indicates, signifies, or is understood as representing an idea, object, or relationship. It
is something that is represented by something else and a physical object that stands for another object, person, or idea. It
is the sign of the object or something that adds to the feeling of an object or the other. In this way, the artist offers facts,
not directly but as symbols. Symbolism is the representation of one thing for another using a person, object, or idea. It
is also a powerful force for communicating meaning; certain themes or ideas affect the mind of the audience more profoundly
when presented indirectly through a symbol than when presented overtly. However, symbolism has a different
usage in different aspects of art and symbols appear differently and in every course are unique and the meaning of this
word in psychology or literature, drama, architecture, etc... are not the same. In architecture, it`s clear that architecture
is not simply the ‘design of buildings’ that are mere physical enclosures. On the contrary, it is an expression of thoughts,
preferences, beliefs and emotions in built form, symbolically communicating and imparting relevance to its users. In
that field, architects can use patterns to shape the building and create unique buildings with the same patterns. Symptoms
can be a contributing factor in promoting a sense of place with the audience. On the other hand, dramatic art is
another aspect of art that uses symbols and symbolism. There are many kinds of symbols. Normally, dramatists weave
clues into the work to indicate that certain elements are intended to be taken as symbols. The Blue Bird is a famous
play in symbolism whose text and places have symbols in themselves. In this study, the researchers aimed to compare
the differences and similarities of symbolism features in dramatic literature and architecture in Maurice Maeterlinck’s
play The Blue Bird. The method used is descriptive analytical and the tools used are library studies and analysis of data
from library studies. As a result, in some cases, places can create imagination and viewers can percept what they are,
and the pain and sorrow can be shown in physical elements. Also we can use physical elements in writings and dramas
with words and emotions. Using words, geometry and decorations, ideas and elements engage emotions of the reader.