چکیده:
Social interaction occurs in space and time. Proximity can be a cause for the start of social interaction, but it is not sufficient, and a degree of homogeneity is necessary to maintain these relationships. The physical structure and functional divisions of space may open or limit opportunities for communication. Design at different scales, including urban planning, site design, and detail design, can affect people gathering in outdoor spaces. This article is prepared using the results of a research project titled "Urban criteria design and social relations" conducted by the Building and Housing Research Center. The research method was based on theoretical and field studies, and the scope of the studies included, on the one hand, theoretical aspects and design foundations, and on the other hand, field studies and comparing the achievements of theoretical studies with the current situation of Iranian society. In this article, some of the achievements of this research project in the field of how to design urban spaces on social relations are discussed.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Since vision and hearing are associated with the most common social activities, in open space (visual and auditory contacts) are related, the way they work is a fundamental factor in design (Gehl 1 1987).
Essential activities are more or less compulsory, such as going to school or work; Optional activities include activities that people do voluntarily, such as walking to breathe fresh air, standing in the open space and enjoying life, or sitting and sunbathing; Social activities are activities related to the presence of others in public spaces, such as greeting and conversation of adults and playing children.
Conversely, if buildings and functions are arranged so that public spaces are as compact as possible, so that the distances for pedestrian passage and his sensory experiences are as short as possible, people and activities also come together and social relationships expand.
It is important that people who work and live in different buildings use common public spaces and meet each other during daily activities.
Research on these two axes was carried out through insightful observation methods, and the goal was to search for people's social relationships at a passive level in the form of visual and auditory observations and to examine the impact of the spatial characteristics of the environment and urban elements on people's presence and their use of space.
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