چکیده:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the sociological aspect of informal occupations in deprived areas of Kermanshah city. To investigate informal occupations, a survey of 2084 members from deprived areas was done, and informal occupations activists have been interviewed to investigate the causes of the formation and the positive and negative consequences of informal occupations. The results showed that the percentage of informal occupations was higher in deprived areas of Chaman (80.8%), Dare Deraz(72.2%), Bagh Abrisham (69.6%) and Jaafarabad (62.5%). The number of informal occupation construction worker, travel, and peddler was higher than the rest. The positive consequences (individual, family, and social) of women housework, farmworker, simple worker, construction worker, and skilled construction worker are greater than waste, peddler and livestock occupations. Therefore, waste occupation in Jafarabad district, livestock farming in Dara Daraz district and peddler occupation in Shatrabad needs attention of Kermanshah city policymakers due to the social and economic harm to employees and the districts. The results of quantitative and qualitative analysis showed that the overflow of population living in deprived areas has mostly used of the informal economy within the city and it has provided self-employment from the economic and social damage. Thus, informal economy is the main burden of providing a living for the people of deprived areas, and such an economic structure leads to the unintended social and economic consequences for the individual, the family, and society
خلاصه ماشینی:
The combined quantitative and qualitative analysis showed that the population overflow that has settled in deprived neighborhoods has made the most of the city's informal economy and has provided livelihood through self-employment from within economic and social harms.
Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Development Research Institute, Jihad Daneshgahi of Kermanshah Province Introduction and Statement of the Problem A dual perspective can be taken on the informal economy, when attention is paid to the negative consequences of this sector (increased rural-to-urban migration, evasion of tax laws, etc.
As it was reviewed, most of the researches that have estimated the volume of the informal economy have studied the phenomenon from the perspective of mathematical economics, and the researches that claim to have a sociological background mostly describe informal occupations in the neighborhoods of Kermanshah city However, less research has emphasized the role of social and cultural structures in shaping informal occupations and the consequences of informal employment.
Out of 36 problematic areas in Kermanshah city, 13 neighborhoods have been identified as deprived neighborhoods based on infrastructure and economic, social, and cultural services, including: Sadeghieh, Hikmatabad, Bagh-e Abrisham, Chaman, Shatarabad, Dowlatabad, Cheqagelan, Cheqakabood, Dareh Daraz, Koliabad, Anahita (Shahid Bahonar), Nukan, and Ja'farabad (Tedbir Shahr Consulting Engineers, 1382).
Neighborhoods and blocks selected in the sampling of Kermanshah city In the quantitative section of the research, the concepts of formal and informal jobs, individual characteristics of economic actors (age, gender, education), economic characteristics (employment status, skills), and social characteristics (ethnicity, religion) of economic actors in deprived neighborhoods were measured.
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