چکیده:
Denying any resemblances between the creator and creatures, Qazi Saeed Qomi sets his ideas apart from the typical cataphatic theology in Islamic discourse as well as the conventional theology of Shi’ism. This paper aims at investigating the relationship or lack of it between Qazi Saeed Qomi’s apophatic theology and the conventional predominant monotheistic perspectives of main schools of theology (i.e., Ash’arism, Mu’tazila, Shi’ism). Qazi Saeed’s theology is very different from the common rational theology of Ash’arites or Shi’ites, both of which emphasize the congruities between the creator and creatures. Although differentiating the aforementioned ideas appears to be difficult, unlike other theologists, Qazi Saeed does not believe in the theory of substituting the essence for attribute. In spite of the fact that at the first sights, Qazi Qomi’s theology brings a resemblance to rational-narrative-apophatic theological thoughts (e.g., al-Shaykh al-Saduq’s narrative-apophatic theology), our argument is that his ideas are reliant on the theoretical mystical thought (although they are still different in some ways). Qazi Qomi’s theology has been influenced by the theoretical mystical thought in terms of the following issues: believing in personal unity of existence, negating congruities between the essence and its manifestations, negating God’s essence from his attributes and believing in confinement of God’s names and attributes. The most considerable difference between them is that mystic theologists believe in being qua being principle, while Qazi Saeed Qomi fails even to accept this principle.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The important instances of Qadi Sa'id's influence from theoretical mysticism are as follows: belief in the personal unity of existence, negation of similarity between the station of Essence and its manifestations, negation of attributes from the station of Essence, and the worshipfulness of Names and Attributes.
ir Keywords: Negative theology, negation of similarity, substitution of Essence by Attributes, philosophical theology, Shiite traditionalist theology, theoretical mysticism, Qadi Sa'id Qummi Introduction Monotheism is the most important creedal teaching of Islam; this teaching has been interpreted in various ways by different theological, philosophical, and mystical schools, but generally, all these schools fall under two general headings: positive theology and negative theology.
Qadi Sa'id's affiliation with the Isfahan philosophical school and his discipleship in the presence of the greats of this school (Mulla Rajab Ali Tabrizi among the believers in negative theology and Mulla Mohsen Fayd among the proponents of positive theology) has not been without influence in this matter; for, in addition to the difference in the school of thought of Mulla Rajab Ali and Mulla Mohsen, one of the most important characteristics of this school has been considered to be that all the sages of this school were Twelver Imami Shiites, and most of them sought to reconcile philosophical contents with Shiite teachings and placed what can be called Shiite divine wisdom on their agenda (Modarres-e Motlaq, p.
3. Regarding the relationship between the monotheistic views of Qadi Sa'id Qummi and Ash'ari, Mu'tazili, and Shiite monotheism, Ash'ari theology The Ash'arites consider the attributes of God to be additional to His essence (Allamah Hilli, p.
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