چکیده:
The method and way of knowing religion is one of the most controversial topics that has been raised after the passing of the Prophet of Islam (PBUH) and during the period of occultation and lack of access to the infallible leaders (peace be upon them); meaning, if a conflict arises between a definitive and certain ruling of reason and the literal meanings of religious texts, what should be done? In such cases, there have always been and continue to be differences of opinion and interpretations regarding the precedence of reason or its role in understanding the contents of revelation—in both the realms of theology and jurisprudence, i.e., the principles and branches of religion. This difference in interpretation, in the field of religious knowledge, has caused many fluctuations and ups and downs and continues to do so. Within the scope of Islamic thought, on one hand, there are the literalists, Hanbalis, Ash'arites of the Sunnis, and Akhbaris of the Shiites; and on the other hand, the Qadariyya, Mu'tazilites, and the Ijtihadi thought of the Imamiye. A brief review of this matter, especially among the followers of the Ahl al-Bayt (AS), a look at the extremist Akhbaris of the Shiites, as well as movements that, although they do not express official opposition to rationalism, practically do not grant much validity to reason for discernment, and also their rival thought, which emphasizes and insists on the validity of reason in both the fields of jurisprudence and theology, and the preference for this thought, is the subject of this article. Finally, reference is also made to the guarantees that can prevent deviation and falling into the path of extreme rationalism and the corruption of lofty divine teachings.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The Status of Intellect in the Realm of Religious Knowledge (From a Theological and Jurisprudential Perspective) Hossein Moghiseh * Abstract The method and way of knowing religion is one of the most controversial topics that has been raised after the passing of the Prophet of Islam (PBUH) and during the period of occultation and lack of access to the Infallible Imams (peace be upon them); in the sense that if a conflict arises between the definitive and certain judgment of intellect and the apparent meanings of religious texts, what should be done?
ir Date received: 2011/11/06 Date accepted: 2012/02/25 Keywords: Rationalism, Literalism, Akhbarism, School of Separation (Tafkik), Fatwa Council, Contradiction, Theology (Kalam), Jurisprudence (Fiqh) Introduction An overview of the nature of intellect and some of its classifications Intellect among all humans is a desirable, sought-after essence and a source of pride; and in the view of divine religions, it is the most noble of all beings in the world, the highest divine creation, the sublime composition of man, the means of attaining happiness in this world and the hereafter, the aspect that distinguishes man from beasts and four-legged animals, and the trustee of the Creator.
be logical; therefore, we present instances and examples of theological and also jurisprudential rationality in the sense of no contradiction or conflict between certain reason and the outward meanings of religious texts, and before that, this reminder seems necessary: We do not claim that none of the cases of non-contradiction between the contents of the Imami school and the rational axioms that will be mentioned exist in any other religion, sect, or school.
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