چکیده:
The land of 'Abyssinia' is a familiar name for Muslims. In this article, an attempt has been made to briefly report the historical-political dimensions of Abyssinia. The reasons for naming Ethiopia, its geographical and climatic characteristics, some historical features, country divisions, and political characteristics of this land are part of the discussions in this article. In another section, by describing the emergence of Christianity and how the three denominations—Orthodox, Catholic, and Protestant—entered and spread, the issue of Islam and Muslims in Abyssinia is addressed. The report on the status of Ethiopian Muslims in the twentieth century, emphasizing: a. Ethiopian Muslims during Italian rule; b. Islam and Ethiopian Muslims during socialist rule; c. The growth of Muslim activities in the final three decades of the twentieth century, is another part of this writing. In the final section, the current status of Ethiopian Muslims and the economic relations between Iran and Ethiopia are addressed.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Although Muslims established independent city-states in the eastern Ethiopian plateau during the 15th to 17th centuries AD, due to ethnic differences, they lacked unity and were forced to pay a heavy jizya to the Abyssinian government to remain safe from the invasion of the Christian government (Dehkhoda Dictionary, Vol. 19, p.
This name means the land of dark-skinned people or sunburnt faces; just as "Abyssinia" is called the country of blacks, which has also entered European languages with the pronunciation Abyssinia and was originally a tribal title for those who migrated from Arabic lands to the Horn of Africa (Great Islamic Encyclopedia, Vol. 6, word "Ethiopia").
The expansion of Islam was not accompanied by the Arabization of the inhabitants of Ethiopia; rather, their social organizations remained preserved as they were; although from this time onwards, the traces of Christianity disappeared on the coasts of the Red Sea and the communication routes of Axum fell under the control of Muslims (ibid.
Two groups of Muslims, whose names for thirty of them are mentioned in historical sources, migrated to Abyssinia, and during the migration, while preserving their religion, they engaged in the propagation of Islam, and many of them came to Medina in the seventh year of the Hijra (see: Tabaqat Ibn Sa'd, Vol. 1, pp.
In any case, especially during the years 1960 to 1970, the emergence of new developments in Africa, the Islamic world, and Ethiopia led to a reduction in the intensity of control over educational opportunities, enrollment in government services, and foreign travel, and the situation gradually changed in favor of Ethiopian Muslims.
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