چکیده:
Today, one of the problems of the Islamic world, which challenges the discussion of Islamic awakening is the growth and development of a destructive phenomenon called Takfir. In order to solve this problem of the Islamic world, it is necessary to make a concerted effort both in the field of theoretical discussions and in defensive approach. Of course, it is evident that the basis and principle of enlightening and criticizing the phenomenon should be discussed from different perspectives such as jurisprudential foundations, theology, the Quran and Sunnah, etc . This article, investigates the phenomenon of takfir with a theological approach and especially based on the Sunni’s point of view. Arguing the common views in the basic principles and foundations among all Islamic sects, the article also clarifies the phenomenon of takfir, its effects and consequences on the Islamic world. In this regard, it addresses issues such as the standard of disbelief and faith, ways to deal with it, the difference between takfir at the beginning of Islam and the present era, the sanctity of colonialism, etc. It concludes that firstly, one of the main reasons for the growth and development of this deviation within the Islamic world is due to public ignorance regarding the Islamic teachings. Secondly, this deviation was the source of acceptance of external colonialism on the Islamic world. In general, the phenomenon of takfir is the result of internal deviation and external colonialism, which results in weakening the Islamic world, bringing it to destruction and degeneration, and challenging the Islamic awakening in the current era.
خلاصه ماشینی:
This requires that the efforts and endeavors of all of us toward the unity and rapprochement of Muslims become greater, or even doubled, with the explanation that Islamic scholars, seeking help from the Lord and through their own ijtihad, should prove the dynamism, flexibility, and universality of the clear religion of Islam, and work as much as possible to promote true and Islamic beliefs and prevent the deviation resulting from the misunderstanding of certain rigid and short-sighted groups, especially in the Sunni world such as the ISIS group, and more generally, the phenomenon of Takfir.
Since, with reference to the primary and common teachings among all Islamic sects, we believe that the phenomenon of Takfir is rejected and shunned by all Muslims of any theological or jurisprudential inclination, we aim to become more steadfast in the belief of "the transgression of the people of Takfir against the theological boundaries of Islam" by explaining the type of approach taken by religious leaders (such as the Prophet 6) toward the people of Takfir, as role models of the Islamic way of life, and by providing the criteria of faith and disbelief in the earliest teachings of Muslims (especially in the theology and documents of the Sunnis).
205) But today, Takfir in theological terminology means attributing disbelief to a specific person or group who holds beliefs or views that differ from the views of religious teachings, especially the Quran; for example, instances of this are mentioned in the Holy Quran, including those who thought Jesus 7 was God - لقد کفر الذین قالوا إن الله هو المسیح بن مریم- (Ma'idah (5): 72-73, 17) and individuals who taught people sorcery (Baqarah (2): 102) have been declared disbelievers.
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