چکیده:
This study attempts to identify the problems arising from the relations between ethics and economics as they represent two branches of knowledge and two styles of life. In the introduction, I will examine an important historical starting point in investigations into the relations between ethics and economics and also address some significant views of one initiator of this research who believed in the inconsistency of traditional individual ethics (as an individual lifestyle) and economics (as a social/systematic lifestyle). The article follows three steps: in the first step, the common origin of the debate between ethics and economics is explored. In the second step, the concepts used in ethics and economics as two epistemic fields and as two human styles of life (theoretically and practically) are discussed. In the third step, the relations between ethics and economics are examined in terms of moral or economic motives, beliefs, and actions by raising certain central questions. The primary goal of this study is to map out the interdisciplinary crucial issues of ethics and economics for researchers and students. Each of these issues can be a subject matter for research papers or future dissertations. Accordingly, some research topics for future works are suggested.
خلاصه ماشینی:
For example - in Mandeville's view - asceticism, contentment, and the absence of greed and avarice - as three individual virtues in traditional and religious ethics - lead in the social sphere, respectively, to decreased demand, decreased production, ُ unemployment, economic recession, a decline in national income and per capita income and, consequently, the disappearance of society - due to falling behind in international competition for development.
This common origin between ethics and economics is such that some great early economists and, for example, some founders of the classical school, were either ethicists themselves; or they - like Adam Smith - were influenced by the moral views of philosophers such as Mandeville and David Hume.
All these moral theories, such as "profit-seeking," are also essentially the product of the efforts and reflections of thinkers who, through economic knowledge or employment in government positions in the economic field and dealing with the micro and macro realities of society, provided traditional answers to those two aforementioned questions due to their short-sightedness regarding individual human life, and their inability to view society, systemize, and examine the individual as a part of a social and historical system - in which all his states and actions are interconnected with 1.
Here too, in addition to the considered efficiency (opportunity cost and rational choice), ethical discussion also plays a role in choosing a school; meaning, your choice of school depends on whether, for example, you place more moral value on freedom, private property, and economic development or on social justice?
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