چکیده:
Secularization or the process of secularization is, historically, a phenomenon that has occurred in a Christian context and in the West, and its main cause must be sought in contemporary transformations and the life of modern man. However, the question arises whether now that Islamic societies are exposed to the beliefs and culture of the modern world, this process can also be accelerated within an Islamic context and by relying on the teachings of the religion of Islam? This writing seeks to express the point that reliance on Qiyas, as one of the most important jurisprudential foundations of the Sunni, has the capacity to lead to the secularization of religion and jurisprudence, or at least, if the conditions are met, to accelerate the process of secularization of religion. To express this matter, a definition of secularization and the factors affecting it is first provided. Then, based on the definition of Qiyas, its types, the methods of discovering the basis of a ruling in Qiyas, and some principles of Sunni scholars in this field, it is shown how the customary reason (Aql-e Urfi), which is the backbone of Qiyas, makes jurisprudence and consequently religion customary. In the author's view, the secularization of religion as a result of practicing this method of inference can be considered another interpretation of the erasure of religion under the shadow of practicing Qiyas, as explicitly stated in several narrations from the Infallible Imams (AS).
خلاصه ماشینی:
Then, based on the definition of analogy, its types, the methods of discovering the basis of a ruling in analogy, and some principles of Sunni scholars in this field, it is shown how the secular reason that supports analogy makes jurisprudence and, consequently, religion secular.
Based on what was mentioned, some of the main indicators and identifiers of secularization in the realm of religion within the Western-Christian context are: turning from the afterlife toward the "world," attention to "nature" in the language of metaphysics, veneration and honoring of "man" by neglecting God, turning away from the teachings of revelation toward "rational" achievements, shifting from sacred text to "interpretation and opinion," giving up stability in favor of change, and finally, giving up absoluteness in favor of plurality and relativism (Shujaee Zand, 1831:46-66).
In fact, this claim—that with rational perception, the criteria of rulings can be understood, even if summarily—cannot have any premise other than that these criteria are worldly and rational matters, rather than being otherworldly and beyond the reach of human understanding such that they require explanation and clarification from God. We have mentioned this point from the perspective of some sociologists of religion, including Thomas '' Masalik al-Illah (Paths of the Cause) A look at the ways of identifying the cause of a ruling, or the common denominator between the original case and the branch, in the books of the Sunnis also clearly reveals the aforementioned point.
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