چکیده:
One of the important moral issues dating back to ancient Greece is whether moral knowledge is independent of God's command or dependent upon it. The Mu'tazilites and Imāmiyya believe that reason is able to understand many moral values and that moral knowledge is intellectual and independent from God; therefore, it is superior to religion and even proving the existence of God and popular prophecy are feasible only by perceiving some moral values through reason. By adopting a descriptive and analytical approach through rereading and scrutinizing the moral verses of the Koran, this study seeks to answer the following question: what is the function of moral propositions of the Koran given the understanding of these propositions through reason? The results shows that the main purpose of the Holy Koran is moral education, acceptance and reference to previous moral knowledge of human being not imparting erudition. Various pieces of evidence can be presented on this claim, including keeping one's promise, gratefulness, following prototypes in moral advice and using the language of sermons instead of lecture and argument.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The existence of verses such as the non-futility of creation (Al-Mu'minun, 115; Al-Qiyamah, 36), the necessity of avoiding indecency (Al-A'raf, 28), avoiding immoralities (Al-An'am, 151; Al-A'raf, 33, 157), the reward of benevolence for the doer of good (Al-Rahman, 60), the non-equality of the believer and the disbeliever in the Resurrection (Al-Jathiyah, 21; Sad, 28;), the reproach of lack of reasoning regarding the people of Hell (Al-Baqarah, 44; Al-Mulk, 10), and God's lack of injustice toward His servants (Al-Imran, 182; Al-Anfal, 51) indicate the independent perception of reason regarding the intrinsic beauty and ugliness of certain actions.
It seems this message conveys to the audience that, based on the blessing of reason, you are aware of the goodness of justice and acting upon it, but for incitement and motivation action, has spoken of its belovedness in the sight of God. Verses such as these, which are not few in the Quran, prove that beauty and ugliness are intrinsically rational (goodness and badness are inherent in the essence of the act, and reason is the perceiver of the goodness and badness of the act) and serve as a reminder that the human intellect perceives the universals and principles of moral values; with the perception of reason, there is no need for God to determine the goodness or badness of an action.
gratitude to the Benefactor, in higher stages by changing rhetorical styles, using the language of preaching or describing role models, and also by referring to the role of humans in shaping their own identity, motivates and encourages the performance of moral matters, which are investigated with evidence as follows: 1- Fulfilling the Divine Covenant All human beings of every race and color throughout all ages adhere to two social values, one of which is fulfilling social contracts, and violating them is in no way considered valid by rational people.
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