چکیده:
This article, with the aim of analyzing the perspective of Stoic philosophy regarding motion and ethics, first addresses the etymology and history of this school, then introduces motion as the cornerstone of the thought of this philosophy. The next step in this writing is the introduction of Stoic logic, which serves as the coverage of this school and expresses its shortcomings. The materialistic approach of the Stoics is revealed while introducing their view on the issue of cognition. Subsequently, the turning point of this article, namely Stoic physics and motion in their paradigm, is explained, and their lapse regarding the description of the nature of the relationship between God and nature is pointed out. The result of this transformation is the materialism and the modernistic worldview of the Stoics, which was their specific ideology and ethics, aimed at creating a spirit of hope among the Greeks and removing their despair and depression.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The importance and necessity of this comprehensive examination will become clearer when we know that Stoic philosophy, rather than relying on cosmology and its fundamental issues such as motion and transformation, has relied more on ethics, ideology, and how humans function in life.
Regarding the environment of the emergence of Stoic philosophy, Paykin and Stromberg have said: Stoicism emerged and rose when the Greek world was in decline and decay, and that religion, as a useful way to stand against the hardships and violence of life, changed.
) In the same way, Stoic philosophy also emerged during the period of turmoil and the decline of Greek glory, possessing a materialistic spirit, and its major part consisted of ethical issues and solutions that were presented to solve the problems of Greece.
According to Othman Amin, the Stoics compared philosophy to a garden where logic is its walls, natural science (physics) is its trees, and ethics is its fruits.
According to Aristotle, in the comprehensive theory expressed regarding the essential descriptions and characteristics of the world, one can neither ignore the stability of things nor consider the changes we deal with in daily experience to be entirely baseless, and one should not regard variable qualities as completely unreal, as Democritus did.
" Moving past the Eleatics, there are other philosophies that consider the essence of existence to be stability and regard motions and changes as a series of very superficial and accidental matters in the natural world.
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