چکیده:
In the political system of Imamate, the infallible Imam is appointed by God. In the thought and practice of Hazrat Ali, who is the first Imam and the identity-giver of Shiism, the presence and satisfaction of the people play an effective role. Despite having the support of infallibility and divine appointment, he remained distant from the caliphate for 25 years and finally, through the will and insistence of the people, took charge of the government and management of the Islamic society. He considers the Shura of the Muhajirin and Ansar and their consensus on an individual as Imam to be a cause of God's pleasure and validates his own selection by the people. In this article, based on the thoughts and practical conduct of Hazrat Ali, the contradiction or compatibility of divine appointment and popular election, the role of public votes in legitimizing the government of the infallible Imam, actualizing the Wilayah of the Imam appointed by God, the restricted or absolute nature of the validity of the Shura and Bay'ah and their legal and Sharia implications, the position of Ahl al-Hall wal-Aqd and the general public in the establishment and formation of Imamate, etc., have been examined.
خلاصه ماشینی:
In this article, the contradiction or compatibility between divine appointment and popular election, the role of public votes in legitimizing the government of the infallible Imam, the actualization of the Wilayah (guardianship) of the Imam appointed by God, the restricted or absolute nature of the validity of Shura and Bay'ah (allegiance) and their legal and Sharia consequences, the position of the Ahl al-Hall wal-Aqd (those who loosen and bind) and the general public in the establishment and formation of Imamate, etc.
On the other hand, Hazrat Ali (peace be upon him), who is himself the identity-giver of the movement, has repeatedly referred to the vote and the will of the people, reminding that it was these people who brought him to the Caliphate, just as they had chosen the caliphs before him; to the extent that he explicitly says: "Shura belongs to the Muhajireen and Ansar; so if they gather around a man and name him their Imam, they have gained the pleasure of God" (Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 6).
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