چکیده:
One of the best indicators of intelligent behavior in human is the ability to utilize symbols (Gardner, 1999:24). Symbol is interrelated with the human’s conscious and subconscious mind and creates the language of myth and epic. The language of mythical and epic works is symbolic and mysterious. The major religions of our world have created ritual symbols to be able to set forth arguments in existential themes with their members. This study primarily sought to find out answers for the role of symbols in recreation of existential intelligence in body of Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh. Using an analytical-descriptive method and benefiting from library resources, this study made attempts to identify and extract ritual symbols in the Shahnameh; Finally, it was observed that existential intelligence is well represented in the light of symbols such as barsam and baj, hunting, marriage, burial, and celebration and wine by the Great Sage of Tus (Ferdowsi). No study has investigated the interrelationship among the symbols and the range of human’s intelligences rather the symbols used in Shahnameh have been studied most frequently. Therefore, this study is the pioneer in examining this untouched aspect.
خلاصه ماشینی:
(Ferdowsi, 1375, 1 / 21: 25-124) Subsequently, researchers have addressed the elements of Bazh and Barsam-giran, hunting, marriage, Dakhme-spari (sky burial), and feast and wine, under the title of the aesthetics of Zoroastrian symbols and existential intelligence in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh.
Among these symbols in the Shahnameh, one can mention the symbols of rituals such as: the creation myth, sacred numbers, the Mithraic ritual, sacrifice, Bazh and Barsam-giran, hunting, marriage, Dakhme-spari, feast and wine, etc.
Using an analytical resources, this study made attempts to identify and extract ritual symbols in the Shahnameh; Finally, it was observed that existential intelligence is well represented in the light of symbols such as barsam and baj, hunting, marriage, burial, and celebration and wine by the Great Sage of Tus (Ferdowsi).
The ritual symbols of the Shahnameh, such as Baj and Barsom, hunting, marriage, Dokhmenashini, and Jashn and wine, have been beautifully represented in the light of the poetic genius of the Sage of Tus and, like a colorful bridge, have provided the perception of existential truth for its seekers and the ascent of poetry to consciousness.
In this article, which has been written using an analytical-descriptive method and by utilizing library and research resources, an effort has been made to identify and extract ritual symbols in the Shahnameh; and in the end, it can be seen that existential intelligence has been well represented by the great sage of Tus through symbols such as taking the Bazh and Barsam, hunting, marriage, Dakhmeh-spari (entrusting to a tower of silence), and celebration and wine.
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