چکیده:
Traditionally, there have been two acceptable theories regarding the legitimacy of any phenomenon in international law, inter alia international organizations: acceptability among people and acceptability among States. However, the evolution of international law makes it inevitable to revisit the issue to create a new criterion for considering legitimacy. Nowadays, the level of commitment to international values seems to be the criterion for legitimacy according to which the situation of international organizations could be evaluated and it will make their challenges obvious. Specifically, the case study of the World Bank, the organization which has been criticized for many years could determine the way this pattern is used to address the legitimacy challenges in international law. It also, explains the reasons behind challenging World Bank structure and operation by the International Community. The organization faces serious problems from the perspective of conformity with international values. Without addressing those problems, the legitimacy of the organization will remain under question.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Currently, the level of commitment to the values of the global community can be considered a criterion of legitimacy, which, by assessing the status of international organizations on this basis, identifies the significant challenges these institutions face.
com Introduction The World Bank1 was established following the Bretton Woods Conference2 in 1944 and, alongside the International Monetary Fund3, is considered one of the influential organizations within the framework of the Bretton Woods institutions for achieving development at a global level.
In this regard, defining the issue of legitimacy in international law, the structural challenges of the legitimacy of international organizations, and the extent of the World Bank's commitment to the values of the international community, including democracy, human rights, transparency, and accountability, to achieve legitimacy, are under consideration.
Therefore, democracy, respect for human rights, and accountability are among the most important elements whose commitment, in the form of structural and functional reforms, can be effective in guaranteeing the legitimacy of international organizations.
Although the World Bank does not have an obligation to international law in performing its duties based on its founding document, it currently seems to be recognized as having international commitments, including human rights, as an independent international entity, or in fact, it is expected to have such considerations in order to achieve legitimacy.
Ebert, “The World Bank, Human Rights, and Organizational Legitimacy Strategies: The Case of the 2016 Environmental and Social Framework”, Leiden Journal of International Law, Vol. 32, (2019), at 488.
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