چکیده:
The purpose of this article is to evaluate factors affecting expansion of e-commerce in Iran in a provincial level using panel-data regression model for period 2013 to 2016 in 30 Iranian provinces. The results show that about 5 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) in Iran has been created by e-commerce. The most important factors affecting expansion of e-commerce include: number of e-commerce businesses, penetration rate of landline phone, penetration rate of mobile phone and internet bandwidth. The estimated coefficient for variables of the number of e-commerce businesses, penetration rate of landline phone, penetration rate of mobile phone and internet penetration rate are 0.045, 0.022, 0.009 and 0.006 respectively and they are statistically significant. The results show the greatest influence on e-commerce is made by "internet penetration rate" that can be used as the driving engine of e-commerce. This means that with increasing internet penetration rate in Iranian provinces, the gap in e-commerce between provinces can be decreased. The second influential variable on expansion of e-commerce is "number of e-commerce businesses". In addition, penetration rates of mobile and landline phone are other variables influencing expansion of e-commerce in Iran.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The present research is innovative in several respects: first, instead of relying on approximate indicators for e-commerce, the volume of electronic transactions obtained from the Shaparak company on the Central Bank website is used, which minimizes estimation errors; second, by comprehensively collecting theoretical foundations, the factors influencing the diffusion of e-commerce are revealed after estimation and statistical tests.
4- Research Model and Method In the present study, by using a quantitative approach and examining the relationships between dependent and independent variables, accurate statistical evaluations can be performed on the factors affecting the expansion of e-commerce.
In other words, according to the aforementioned theoretical foundations and empirical studies, factors such as per capita Gross Domestic Product and per capita income, population density and urbanization rate, technological knowledge and English language proficiency, the number of e-commerce service providers and the existence of strong traditional retail networks, investment in telecommunications infrastructure, access to personal computers and telephones, the number of internet users, postal and goods delivery infrastructures, as well as transportation infrastructures, deregulation in the communications market, increased competition among telecommunications service providers, and access to venture capital, are influential on the expansion of e-commerce.
Other variables studied in this research, such as the number of electronic businesses, fixed telephone penetration coefficient, mobile phone penetration coefficient, and internet penetration coefficient, have a positive and significant effect on the expansion of electronic commerce at a 95 percent confidence level.
Other variables studied in this research, such as the number of electronic businesses, fixed telephone penetration coefficient, mobile phone penetration coefficient, and internet penetration coefficient, have a positive and significant effect on the expansion of electronic commerce at a 95 percent confidence level.
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