چکیده:
In this article, we examine mythological elements, including characters, creatures, and symbols that possess a mystical character and manifestation in the Ghazals of Shams. In addition to national mythological characters and symbols, religious and mystical mythological characters that Rumi has employed to express mystical concepts are also investigated. The elements, creatures, and characters examined in this article include Rostam, Zal, Kay Qubad, Sohrab, Esfandiar, Zahhak, Kay Kavus, Mani, Kay Khosrow, Imam Ali (AS), Hamzah, as well as legendary creatures such as Mount Qaf, Homa, Anqa, and Simurgh. The result of this research is that Rumi, like his other works, uses elements of myth and epic in the Ghazals of Shams to better express mystical themes and concepts; to the extent that researchers of mystical literature consider the Ghazals of Shams to be a prominent and valuable example of mystical epic.
خلاصه ماشینی:
In the following verse as well, a fusion of mythological and religious characters, namely Rostam and Hamzah, forms Rumi's ideal human and the ideal of mankind in the battlefield of the struggle against the nafs: ای حمزه آهنگی وی رسـتم هـر جنگـی گر تیغ و سپر خواهی نک تیغ و سپر باری (Molavi, 1363: 234) In the following verse, there is an implicit metaphor in which "Rakhsh" is compared to the physical body of the human's illusory existence, and "Rostam-zadeh" (born of Rostam) is the symbol of a true seeker with a strong will who must strive to tame his own existence and nafs; if you tame yourself, the whole world will be tamed by you: گر تو رستم زاده ای این رخشـت آخـر رام کـو (Ibid: 218) In the following verse, Rostam is depicted as a mystical legend who alone is capable of passing through the difficult path of the desires of the heart and the nafs to reach the final destination: بادیــه ای هایلســت راه دل و کــی رســد جـز کـه دل پــردلی رســتم مــردانه ای (Ibid: 243) A-2) Zal In the ghazals of Shams, Zal is also mentioned many times alongside Rostam.
The following verse was explained in the previous section, and the meaning conveyed by this verse is that Rostam's position in mystical literature is higher than Zal or any other mythological character: چـــون بـــوی عنایـــت تـــو باشـــد زالان همـــــه رســـــتم جهادنـــــد (Ibid: 98) A-3) Kay Kavus (Kay Qubad) Kay Qubad is the first king of the Kayanian dynasty, who is repeatedly mentioned in Rumi's works.
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