چکیده:
This research aims to examine, through an analytical and comparative lens, the factors of black poetry in the poems of Simin Behbahani and Nazik al-Malak as two contemporary Persian and Arabic speaking poets. The reason for selecting and comparing the poems of these two poets in this research is that each of them, during a period of their literary life, faced movements that led to the emergence of a spirit of anxiety and nihilism in humanity, and under the influence of the suffocation and tyranny of their era's society, they extensively reflected the factors of black poetry in their poems.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The reason for selecting and comparing the poems of these two poets in this research is that each of them, during a period of their literary life, has encountered currents that led to the emergence of a spirit of pessimism and nihilism in humanity, and under the influence of the suffocation and tyranny of their era's society, they have extensively reflected the factors of black poetry in their poems.
Under the influence of the widespread adoption of nihilistic thoughts resulting from the philosophical, scientific, historical, and social events and transformations of the modern era in twentieth-century literature, a style titled meaningless literature 1, emerged, which by emphasizing the absence of logic in nature and human isolation in a world devoid of meaning and value, deals with thoughts such as aimlessness and nihilism, futility, alienation, identitylessness, loneliness, suicidal ideation, suicide, etc.
This movement, almost simultaneously with the West, found the opportunity to emerge in Iranian literature during two periods; first, the period of the dominance of Reza Shah's tyranny, which spread suffocation, despair, and hopelessness in society; and the second period was related to the occurrence of the coup of August 19, 1953 (28 Mordad 1332) and the failure of the nationalization of the oil industry movement, which caused disappointment and the suppression of intellectuals, poets, and writers, and paved the way for the tendency toward meaningless literature and black poetry.
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