چکیده:
In Iran, agriculture is considered a fundamental pillar for providing livelihoods and is regarded as the most important and sole economic pillar of the village in most development programs. Although such a structure was sustainable in the past due to the closed economy of the village, the emergence of instability in rural areas may be able to reduce the vulnerability of rural farming households to external shocks, including drought. The present study examines the role of economic activity diversity in the resilience of rural farming households in Chenaran County. The research method is descriptive-analytical. The independent variable is 'diversity of economic activities' and the dependent variable is 'resilience'. Diversity was categorized into agricultural and non-agricultural, and resilience was categorized into five components and 34 quantitative indicators. The statistical population included 2902 rural farming households in 15 villages exposed to drought in Chenaran County, from which 271 households were determined as a sample using the Cochran formula. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), path analysis, and cluster analysis were used in performing the analyses. The results of the analysis of variance showed that 'diversity of economic activities' led to an increase in the resilience of rural farming households. Specifically, the average resilience in households with non-diverse income sources was 40.2, semi-diverse was 48.2, and diverse was 83.2. Based on the results of the path analysis, 'diversity of economic activities' by 0.19 and 'non-agricultural diversity' by 0.12 directly caused an increase in the resilience of rural farming households. Given the research findings, livelihood diversity with an emphasis on the non-agricultural sector can be introduced as a development strategy for rural areas exposed to drought.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The role of agricultural and non-agricultural economic activity diversity on the resilience of rural farming households in exposure to drought (Case study: Chenaran County) Narges Hajian - MSc in Geography and Rural Planning, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran; Maryam Ghasemi 1- Assistant Professor of Geography and Rural Planning, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran; Abbas Mofidi - Assistant Professor of Climatology, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran.
Given what was stated, the main research question is posed as follows: To what extent has the diversity of economic activities (agricultural and non-agricultural) been effective on the resilience of rural farming households in Chenaran city during drought?
Table 6- Grouping of the studied households in terms of economic activity diversity (agricultural and non-agricultural) Based on cluster analysis using the Ward method {Refer to the attached table file} Source: Research findings, 2017.
Table 9- One-way Analysis of Variance test for comparing the mean resilience of rural farming households based on the diversity of agricultural economic activities {Refer to the attached table file} Source: Research findings, 2017.
In fact, the diversity of non-agricultural economic activities has been effective on the resilience of rural farming households in Chenaran County.
Table 11- Results of the one-way analysis of variance test for comparing the mean resilience of rural farming households based on the diversity of non-agricultural economic activities {Refer to the attached table file} Source: Research findings, 2017.
Table 12- Mean resilience and its dimensions based on the grouping of households in terms of diversity of non-agricultural economic activities {Refer to the attached table file} Source: Research findings, 2017.
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