چکیده:
The increasing expansion of consumer goods, alongside the growing trend of consumption spaces and the relative improvement in living standards, has transformed consumerism into a common phenomenon in contemporary societies. This has led social interpreters to cite the consumption of goods, rather than their production, as the driving force of modern societies. Consequently, sociological research has necessarily become involved in questioning the factors that cause consumerism. In this regard, the present article places the study of factors affecting consumerism at its center. The research was conducted using a mixed method, employing both questionnaire and semi-structured interview techniques. The findings of the research confirm that consumption is not necessarily unilaterally influenced by compulsion and structural-class determinism; rather, it must be understood through the integration of subjective and objective factors, as well as in connection with themes such as distinction-seeking and hedonism.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Consumerism: From Compulsion to Pleasure A Sociological Study on Consumerism among the Residents of Tehran City Tehran Ali Rabiee , Malakeh Rafiei (Date received 2015/06/18, Date accepted 2017/02/09) The increasing expansion of consumer goods, alongside the growing trend of consumption spaces and the relative improvement in living standards, has transformed consumerism into a common phenomenon in contemporary societies.
In other words, consumption is not merely an action to meet 4 essential needs, but can be considered a performative and communicative act (Weblen, 2007; Bourdieu, 1984; 2011; Baudrillard 5, 1968; 2010), a political act (Neilson and Paxton 6, 2010), a creative and imaginative act (De Certeau 7, 1984; Fisk 8, 1998; Lein 9, 2004; Arvidsson 10, 2005), a skillful act (Campbell 11, 2005), and above all, a pleasure-seeking act (Bourdieu, 1984; Baudrillard, 1970; Bell 12, 1976; Lipovetsky 13, 1993).
In our society as well, alongside the relative improvement in individual income levels and the promotion and spread of installment buying, new needs have emerged that have fueled the competition to possess as many consumer goods as possible and, on the other hand, have "submerged the social world into a theatrical stage" (Bourdieu, 1390: 346).
148 Consumerism: From Compulsion to Pleasure If in the critical tradition "the products of mass culture are the agents of the irrationalization of consumption and the passivity of the consumer" (Horkheimer and Adorno, 2001), Bourdieu dissects consumerism taking into account the unequal position of individuals in the social space.
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