چکیده:
The language philosophy theory of “speech acts” is one of the text analysis theories on the basis of which we can analyze rhetorical and literary concepts in smaller linguistic units (utterances). This article analyzes Sepehri’s "Seday-e Pay-e Aab" according to this theory. This poem has been analyzed according to the revised model of J. R. Searle’s five “speech acts،" and the author’s three affective methods. After defining the expressions and the principles of the speech act theory and specifying the concept of the three effective methods in line with this theory، under each of the five acts (assertive، directive، commissive، expressive، declarative)، some examples of the lines of the poem have been analyzed. Sepehri has used assertive and expressive acts in all the parts، directive act in most of the parts، but no commisive or declarative acts in any parts of the poem. To intensify the effects of his words، the poet has used strategies like repetition، intensification، and linking of the acts in his poetry. Using the directive، assertive and expressive speech acts، on the one hand، Sepehri describes and criticizes the past and present of the world; on the other hand، by delivering his poetic view and his ideal world، he coaxes his readers into living a specific lifestyle. To achieve this، he uses three affective methods creatively. Due to the specific features and applications of commisive and declarative acts، Sepehri has not been able to use them in this poem.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The Five Speech Acts in Sepehri's Poem "The Sound of the Water's Footsteps" Hamid Abdollahian, Ali Asghar Bagheri Abstract One of the perspectives of text analysis, based on which rhetorical and literary concepts can be examined in small linguistic units (sentences), is the linguistic philosophy theory of "Speech Act.
" After explaining the terms and principles of the speech act theory and clarifying the concept of the three modes of influence consistent with this theory, sentences from the poem have been examined as examples under each of the five acts (assertive, directive, commissive, expressive, and declarative).
Through assertive, directive, and expressive acts, Sepehri describes and critiques the past and present of the world, and also by presenting a qualitative poetic insight and explaining his ideal world, he encourages the audience toward a specific style of living, using the three modes of influence creatively in this way.
The importance of this article, which is based on Austin and Searle's speech act theory, is that it implicitly calls into question the assumption of emotional and impressionistic criticism in audiences interested in contemporary poetry and offers them a fresh perspective, based on which, in addition to not perceiving the act of criticism merely as judgment and baseless emotion, they read texts with a kind of critical viewpoint.
Given what has been stated, it can be claimed that Austin was the first to propose the theory of speech acts as a theory of the philosophy of language, although not completely; however, some believe that the first writing on speech acts is an article by Strauss titled "On Narrative," which was published in 1950 and made a distinction between sentence, use, and utterance (Searle, 1387: 97).
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