چکیده:
Although the emergence and role-playing of ISIS as a non-state actor dates back about a decade when Abu Musab al-Zarqawi founded the movement of Tawhid and Jihad in Iraq, the security crisis in Iraq caused the international community's attention to this group to be focused more than before. This article, while examining intellectual and cultural contexts, seeks to investigate the contexts of the emergence and expansion of ISIS in the security environment of West Asia at three levels: national, regional, and international. The findings of this article, which has been authored using a descriptive-analytical method, show that Takfirist thought based on Salafism as an intellectual context and resistance against the waves of globalization as a cultural context have provided the grounds for the emergence and expansion of ISIS in the geography of the Islamic world. At the national level, ISIS emerged in the leadership vacuum and identity crisis of Sunnis, using their religious sentiments, in the geography of failed states and challenged the authority of these states. At the regional level, as a non-state actor, it confronted the discourse of the Islamic Revolution and the Axis of Resistance by creating an alternative Islamist discourse. At the international level, it turned the clash of civilizations, which Americans advocated and claimed, into an intra-civilizational war and moved in the direction of Islamophobia.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Backgrounds of the emergence and expansion of ISIS in the security environment of West Asia Ahmad Zarean 1 Date of receipt: 2014/06/08 Final acceptance date: 2014/09/07 Security Horizons Quarterly / Year 7 / Issue 23 - Summer 2014 Abstract Although the emergence and role-playing of ISIS as a non-state actor can be traced back to about a decade ago when Abu Musab al-Zarqawi founded the movement of Tawhid and Jihad in Iraq, the security crisis in Iraq caused the international community's attention to this group to focus more than ever before.
The findings of this article, which has been composed using a descriptive-analytical method, show that the ideology of takfir based on Salafism as an intellectual background, and resistance against the waves of globalization as a cultural background, have provided the grounds for the emergence and expansion of ISIS in the geography of the Islamic world.
In contrast to the ideological approach of Shiites to power, which has emerged in the form of the discourse of the Islamic Revolution, Sunnis also attempt to redefine their role and position within ideological groups and organizations at the national, regional, and international levels.
C) ISIS, a challenge for the member countries of the Axis of Resistance In examining the nature and performance of non-state actors in the region, the question arises as to why, in the Middle East and in recent years, all Takfiri groups that have exploited the weakness and incapacity of regional countries and emerged, have been in confrontation and conflict with the Axis of Resistance and its countries, groups and currents aligned and allied with the Islamic Republic of Iran have been placed in confrontation and conflict?
(
, 
, 
)
