چکیده:
Intellectuals and thinkers of various schools have always presented components with the aim of depicting the image of the perfect human. Abraham Maslow, one of the founders of humanistic psychology, presents characteristics for his ideal perfect human, whom he terms the self-actualized individual, which according to his view, apply to most successful people. Rostam is one of the most successful and accomplished characters in the Shahnameh, and the main elements of Maslow's self-actualized individuals can be retrieved in his thoughts, behavior, and speech. This article begins by introducing 'Abraham Maslow', the theory of self-actualization, and its elements, and then in the main part of the article, it proceeds to describe and analyze the character of Rostam (relying on the story of Rostam and Esfandiar) in accordance with the introduced patterns. In fact, this research introduces Rostam as an Iranian model for Maslow's theory, documented with examples from the story of Rostam and Esfandiar. It seems that Ferdowsi, in designing this story—which is actually Rostam's last serious appearance on the scene—intended to demonstrate Rostam's physical, spiritual, personal, and moral superiority.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The Character of Rostam based on the story of Rostam and Esfandiar in the Shahnameh and Abraham Maslow's "Self-Actualization" Theory Reza Sattari Associate Professor of Persian Language and Literature, University of Mazandaran, Sari Hojat Saffar Heydari Assistant Professor of Educational Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Sari Monireh Mehrabi Kali PhD graduate in Persian Language and Literature, University of Mazandaran, Sari (Received date: 2015/02/03; Acceptance date: 2015/06/20) Abstract Intellectuals and thinkers of various schools have always presented components with the aim of depicting the image of the perfect human.
Abraham Maslow, one of the founders of humanistic psychology, presents characteristics for his intended perfect human, whom he refers to as the self-actualized individual, which according to his view, applies to most people.
Rostam is one of the most successful and triumphant characters in the Shahnameh, and the main elements characteristic of Maslow's self-actualized individuals can be retrieved in his thoughts, behavior, and speech.
This article, at the beginning, introduces "Abraham Maslow," the theory of self-actualization, and its elements, and then in the main part of the article, it proceeds to describe and analyze the character of Rostam (relying on the story of Rostam and Esfandiar) in accordance with the introduced models.
Despite acting naturally towards Esfandiar, Rostam sometimes takes him into consideration; for example, he swears by what is dear to him, such as "the life and head of the king" (Ferdowsi, 1382, b: 1104) and "the horse and the rider" (ibid: 1334).
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