چکیده:
One type of compound sentences in Persian syntax is the oath compound sentence. This type of structure with four patterns has been used in Hafiz’s poetry (791 A.D). In this paper، while introducing these four patterns، their poetical evidence is analyzed syntactically and the coexistence of the compound sentence with that of quasi-exclamatory and interrogative sentences is considered. At the end of this paper some points about the term “khodara” and its connection to oath are mentioned.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Object - Complement of verb - Oath verb (-transitive) (Object of the oath) Base - Oath - Linker - Subordinate (Oath response) Compound oath sentence With care, it becomes clear in these two examples that, firstly, the linker between the subordinate and the base is "ke" (that), and secondly, these types of sentences may be expressed through the process of deletion in the following form: I swear by God that Bahram will do this work.
Part-First type of compound oath sentence The sentence structure in this type is such that a simple sentence is placed in the subordinate position, or in other words, the oath response is a simple sentence; its pattern is as follows: Compound oath sentence Base Subordinate Oath + ke (that) + oath response - simple sentence The examples used with this pattern consist of six verses, which are quoted and analyzed as follows: 1-{Sبه گیسوی تو خوردم دوش سوگند#که من از پای تو سر برنگیرمS}(Ibid.
Compound oath sentence Base 1 + and + Base 2 + ke (that) + subordinate Oath 1 Oath 2 oath response The examples used with this pattern consist of two verses, which are quoted and analyzed as follows: 1-{Sبه خاک پای تو سوگند و نور دیدۀ دوست#که بیرخ تو فروغ از چراغ دیده ندیدمS}(Ibid.
Base-subordinate oath-oath response Now, this syntactic structure along with the vocative quasi-sentence collectively function as the quoted content and the object of the verb "said": (please pay attention) He said: Hafez, by the Quran I swear that because this story is long; [do not] ask of it.
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