چکیده:
In formulating the upstream oil and gas policies of the country, ensuring the interests of the current generation and future generations from non-renewable hydrocarbon reserves is a top priority. Despite the existence of a massive volume of in-situ oil, unfortunately, due to the characteristics of the country's oil reservoirs, the recovery factor with the natural depletion method is very low; therefore, the correct implementation of enhanced oil recovery programs is essential. On the other hand, given the fact that Iran's giant and super-giant oil fields have reached the second half of their life cycle, this necessity is doubled. Studies conducted show that injecting sufficient amounts of gas at the appropriate time into those fields that are prioritized for injection is the best method for secondary recovery and production with maximum efficiency from the majority of the country's oil reservoirs. Policies for exploiting the country's gas reserves will not be possible without formulating appropriate patterns for enhanced oil recovery from oil reservoirs. Estimating the volume of natural gas required for injection is a suitable criterion for optimizing the pattern of allocating gas to various uses, including exports through pipelines or LNG. Formulating the natural gas supply and demand balance in the vision horizon and estimating future trends of price changes for crude oil, natural gas, and renewable energies are among the main variables in optimizing the policies for exploiting the country's hydrocarbon resources.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Therefore, the necessity and importance of implementing enhanced recovery programs as quickly as possible to increase the recovery factor in onshore and offshore fields, which benefit from injection priority, is among the most essential matters in formulating optimal policies for managing the country's oil reservoirs.
On the other hand, although gas injection into the country's oil fields began in Khordad 1355 with injection into the Haftgel field and in Aban 1355 with injection into the Gachsaran and Lab Sefid fields, and continues to this day although on a limited scale in a number of oil reservoirs, a very high percentage of daily crude oil production from onshore and offshore fields is still carried out using the natural depletion method; even though the appropriate time for starting enhanced recovery programs in many of them has passed.
5-Gas export development programs and the negative natural gas supply and demand balance in the outlook horizon: another contradiction in the country's hydrocarbon policies The expert opinion that the author of this article presented in Shahrivar 1381 regarding the Ministry of Petroleum's proposed programs for the implementation of four major GNL projects7 indicated that, in addition to maximizing conservation production from the South Pars shared field, making a decision regarding the export of natural gas via pipeline or GNL requires the preparation and formulation of a natural gas supply and demand balance sheet to achieve reliable estimates of the following: a) Gas supply in the outlook horizon from shared and independent gas reservoirs; b) Managed gas demand in the residential, commercial, transportation, and industrial sectors, especially petrochemicals and power plants; c) The need of oil fields for gas injection to increase recovery and conservation production in order to secure the interests of the current and future generations.
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