چکیده:
The article examines the extent of tendency towards national and ethnic identity among the Arabs of Khuzestan. All Arabs over eighteen years old with at least a high school diploma in the cities of Ahvaz, Abadan, Khorramshahr, Susangerd, Shadegan, Mollasani, and Arvandkenar constitute the statistical community of the research. The main hypothesis of the research is that the Arabs of Khuzestan have a high tendency towards national and ethnic identity. As the economic situation and the level of convergence of individuals increase, their tendency towards Iranian and Islamic identity elements also increases. For the section on tendency towards national identity, the components of territorial belonging, belonging to the nation, trust in officials and the executive apparatus (government), and the Persian language have been considered. Ethnic identity has also been measured based on two indicators: 'cultural customs' and 'local language'. In this research, the correlation coefficient between 'economic income' and elements of national identity has also been examined. The results obtained show that Arabs not only have a great tendency towards Iranian and Islamic identity, but they also have an interest in their own ethnic identity, and interest in their ethnic identity does not cause a decrease in the tendency towards national identity. Furthermore, the origin of some non-convergences should be sought in the examination of objective indicators, such as economic and social problems and consequently 'relative deprivation', rather than in subjective and differentiating components.
خلاصه ماشینی:
(Refer to the page image) Research Findings: National Identity To measure national identity, four components have been considered: territory, Persian language, convergence with other Khuzestani ethnic groups (national level), and satisfaction with officials and executive bodies (government level).
Arabs, including the Arabs of Khuzestan, have played a role in the transformations of Iran; various ethnic groups and tribes that, of course, each had their own specific national affiliations, characteristics, and cultural and social customs and traditions.
This high frequency indicates the importance of Iran's geography for the Arab community of Khuzestan, to which they have developed great interest and attachment through centuries of living alongside other Iranian ethnic groups.
Over many years of living in this region, the Arabs of Khuzestan have also established very close interactions with other ethnic groups; so much so that in this indicator of national identity, more than 77 percent on average have extensive social connections in various forms with other people of Khuzestan and have no problem developing these connections.
In the field of ethnic identity as well, the Arabs of Khuzestan are aware of their identity and have a high inclination toward their cultural elements, and 77 percent also use the local language and have great interest in it.
With regard to this new perspective, this research considers the deprivation cycle approach to have a relative superiority for explaining the relationship between national and ethnic identity and for explaining some potential non-congruities between certain indicators of these two at the identity level.
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