چکیده:
Tati Khalhal is one of the Northwestern Iranian dialects that is currently prevalent in two parts, Shahroud and Khorsh Rostam, from the districts of Khalhal county. Since this dialect has various varieties and accents, in this essay, the Kajli variety from the Khorsh Rostam part, and the Lardi, Kerini, Doravi, Kahli, and Gilovani varieties from the Shahroud part have been selected and compared in terms of ergative features. In this article, first the agentive and non-agentive cases of nouns and pronouns are described, then the unstable position of non-agentive enclitic pronouns (pronominal affixes) in the structure of sentences that possess ergative features is shown with numerous examples, and finally, the ergative construction is described from various aspects in six forms. Tati Khalhal is distinct from some other ergative dialects because the verb follows the semantic object in number and person, especially in grammatical gender. In this dialect, in addition to transitive past verbs, there is evidence that some intransitive verbs have also been affected by the ergative construction.
خلاصه ماشینی:
In this article, first the agentive and patient cases of nouns and pronouns are described, then the unstable position of non-agentive enclitic pronouns (pronominal suffixes) in the structure of sentences that possess ergative features is shown with numerous examples, and finally, the ergative construction is described from various aspects in the form of six patterns.
Since Tati Khalkhal has various varieties and accents, in this essay, we have selected five varieties from the Shahroud section and one variety from the Khorsh Rostam section based on the following considerations: the Lardi and Kerini varieties due to having gender and number features in ergativity, the Kehli variety because of certain distinctions, including the lack of distinction of the independent pronoun /az/ in agentive and patient cases, the Doravi and Gilovani varieties due to their distinctiveness and representation of several surrounding villages, and the Kajli variety because of the lack of linguistic connection between its speakers and the Shahroud region.
In the Lardi, Kajali, and Krini varieties, the verb appears in the singular feminine form6 due to following the singular feminine object, even though its agent (asba?n/asbun) is plural.
As can be observed from the above examples, in Dorvi, Gilovani, and Kohli, both the agent (amad(???)) and the object (ma?la?n and ma?lun) appear in the non-agentive form, and this indicates a stage of ergative collapse in those varieties.
In the aforementioned examples, zeynab(???) which is the logical subject, has the non-agentive case, but the pronoun ama/a?ma?/ame is the object in the agentive form.
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