چکیده:
Iranian identity has faced various ups and downs throughout history, which has especially created challenges in the political life of this country in the last hundred years. In this regard, the confrontation with modernity and the formation of a third layer in Iranian identity alongside ancient and Islamic layers has intensified the aforementioned intellectual challenge, such that contemporary socio-political transformations in Iran can be seen as a result of the way the aforementioned identity layers interact, oppose, or conflict; from this perspective, the greatest contemporary political transformation in Iran, namely the Islamic Revolution, is also studied. With this outlook, this article seeks to study identity in Iran over the last hundred years.
خلاصه ماشینی:
In this regard, the confrontation with modernity and the formation of a third layer in Iranian identity alongside the ancient and Islamic layers has intensified the aforementioned intellectual challenge, such that contemporary socio-political transformations in Iran can be considered the result of the mode of interaction, opposition, or conflict between the aforementioned identity layers.
Accordingly, after the Constitutional Revolution in Iran and in the last hundred years of this country's history, three cultural identity-providing layers have coexisted simultaneously, the mode of interaction, opposition, and conflict among them being the interpreter of the socio-political transformations of contemporary Iran, which will be explained in this writing.
Among the major demands of these intellectuals was the renewal of identity and Iranian national traditions, the prevention of clerical interference in politics, the establishment of a new constitutional system in the European style, the creation of new political institutions based on sovereignty, and the laying of the foundations of a modern state...
When Mohammad Reza Shah, after the coup of August 19, 1953, and especially after the lack of a powerful Marja' al-Taqlid in the 1970s, thought of continuing his father's actions and attempted to again expand an identity based on archaeologism along with Westernization in Iran, he faced intense resistance from the Islamic discourse led by Imam Khomeini (RA).
The various principles of the constitution of the new political system have also sought to recognize these three identity-forming layers together, with the difference that in it, the content of the identity arises from Islam, its form is derived from the modern era, and its reliance is on the votes of every single member of the Muslim nation of Iran.
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