چکیده:
From the perspective of the philosophy of science, 'theories' are the foundation of empirical sciences (1, p. 37). Scientific theories shape the domain of human knowledge in empirical sciences by explaining how phenomena occur, and they expand this domain by creating new problems and participating in the formation of new theories. In this article, a systematic method for conducting humanities studies and presenting scientific theories is proposed. This work is carried out through extracting concepts latent in a phenomenon and structuring their meanings. The logical structure of a theory, by integrating the deductive empirical knowledge (specific proposition) with theoretical knowledge (general proposition), transforms findings obtained from observation into deductive propositions, thereby granting it scientific identity. To perform this process, a widely used method titled 'Theory Growth' is introduced, and how a 'theory' is formed through it is presented. In the following part of the article, a further description of the work process, a scientific analysis in management studies, is reported. This study, which was conducted to 'examine the causes of corporate strategy failure,' used the aforementioned method on 12 companies under research and presented the main factors affecting strategy failure in the form of two theories. At the end of the article, how to validate theories through 'error measurement' is introduced.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The main purpose of this article is to familiarize researchers and scholars in the field of humanities with one of the methods of constructing scientific theories (theory growth) and to provide a report on the practical experience of using this method, although it should be noted that the necessity of brevity has limited the realization of this purpose to mere references.
In this article, while explaining the structure of scientific theories using the "theory growth" methodology1, a step-by-step and systematic method for conducting empirical studies in the field of humanities and achieving scientific theories is presented.
This method helps the researcher, in answering the research question, to extract the theoretical concepts embedded in the data and, by creating a structure of meanings2, provide the empirical foundation for creating a theory.
Scaling (Refer to the page image) Figure 2 Stages and steps of the Grounded Theory method These five stages are followed in 9 steps, and the resulting outcomes (empirical knowledge), in integration with the accepted concepts of the relevant field (theoretical knowledge), shape the structure of the theory (Section 4 of the article).
" This is an inductive approach that, by studying the subject of interest, extracts the empirical knowledge inherent in phenomena and, by integrating it with the accepted rules of the theoretical field (existing accepted theories), creates new scientific theories (Figure 3).
(Refer to the page image) Figure 3 Theory construction using the Grounded Theory method The structure of the theory is formed from the connection between empirical knowledge (judgment or body) and accepted theories (premise or introduction).
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