چکیده:
The Takht-e Soleyman region is located between the northern latitude and eastern longitude in the northeast of Takab city, in the southern part of West Azerbaijan province in Iran. The geological and climatic features of the Takht-e Soleyman region have provided suitable conditions for the emergence of karst landforms. Travertine is one of the main carbonate rocks of the region, formed from limestone and dolomitic rocks of the Cretaceous period. Springs that exist in different parts of the region have created travertine rocks through the dissolution of carbonate rocks. Tectonic activities at different geological times have created more than 85 faults in this region. These faults, along with fractures and joints, are important factors for the emergence of karst landforms, especially karrens, in the region. Climatic conditions such as rainfall and relative humidity are also important in the emergence of karrens. The initial and surface dissolution of travertine rocks has created these karrens. Internal and external factors have caused the emergence of diverse karrens, where rainfall is considered an external factor and rock characteristics are considered an internal factor.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Introduction Karst phenomena, which arise from the dissolution of limestone rocks, play an important role in environmental planning in addition to creating diverse geomorphological forms.
The geological and climatic characteristics of the Takht-e Soleyman region are such that they have provided the conditions for the formation of karst phenomena; travertine limestone rocks, which originated from the deposition of calcifying springs in the Quaternary, as well as older dolomitic limestones, cover parts of the region.
(1) Problem Statement: Karrens are created from the mutual influence of internal and external factors on the surface of limestone rocks, and the greater role of each of these factors determines their type, shape, and size.
Karrens and their formation conditions in the region 1-1-Internal factors: These factors have been effective in the formation of karrens in various ways, which include: -Rock type: Limestone springs that were active during the Quaternary period have created extensive travertine deposits on the surface of the region's lands.
In proportion to these faults, many simple fractures and joints have also been created, providing the basis for the concentration and penetration of water into the limestone rocks and causing the formation of various types of karrens.
< 1-2-External factors: These factors have been effective in the formation of karrens through the following parameters: -Type of climate in the region: In cold and humid areas and alpine climates, the dissolution of limestone rocks is highly intensified.
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