چکیده:
In this writing, after accepting the historical reality of the character Luqman the Wise as a premise, the author primarily focuses on criticizing opinions and comparisons in which Luqman the Wise has been considered identical to some famous legendary or historical figures. In this regard, the argument for the non-identity of Luqman the Wise with the mythical Luqman bin Aad, Aesop, Ahikar, Bal'am Ba'ura, Al-Kum'un, and Al-Kaman has been discussed and critiqued. Subsequently, the authenticity of the attribution of the Book of Proverbs of Luqman, which has become famous in the Western world under the name Luqman the Wise, as well as the actual existence of Luqman with storytelling characteristics, has been called into question. Finally, the possibility of the emergence of legends and fabricated parables under the name Luqman the Wise is proposed and justified.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Al-Jahiz, the renowned Arab writer, man of letters, and theologian (died 255 AH), has stated in one place: Higher and beyond all that has been narrated of Luqman al-Hakim are three things: first, the praise of God in relation to him; second, the granting of the title "Hakim" (Wise) to him by the Truth (al-Haqq); and third, the narration of his sublime exhortations in the Quran (Al-Jahiz, Rasa'il, 530); however, some contemporary Arab writers, by ignoring that great source of Pre-Islamic proverbs and relying on emotional and nationalistic aspects instead of paying attention to the principles of scientific critique, have said in rejection of Al-Jahiz's statement regarding the non-identity of the legendary Luqman bin Aad with the Quranic Luqman al-Hakim (ibid.
Fundamentally, Luqman's words can in no way be called fables or the like; because their essence, in terms of form, takes the shape of a sermon, and in terms of content, is an invitation to monotheism, asceticism, and attention to God's precise accounting, the reward of the Day of Judgment, divine merit and punishment, and the like; whereas what is famous of Aesop in languages and recorded in books are stories—sometimes primitive—in the language of dogs, wolves, donkeys, and the like, with earthly themes, which of course one can find many similarities of in Persian, Arabic, and perhaps even world literature;[2] because stories and legends know no borders.
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