چکیده:
Itba' compounds are combinations formed by the repetition of a part of a base word. This repeated part has no meaning and is never used alone. These words are common in people's spoken language and, in recent times, have been used in some poetic and prose texts, especially stories written in colloquial language. This research, with a historical approach and an analytical-explanatory method, alongside examining the background of the use of Itba' compounds (itba' muhmal) in Persian language and literature, examines three issues: the impact of changes in the form and meaning of ancient Persian words on the formation of Itba' compounds in Persian language and literature; the impact of Arabic syntax on the formation of Itba' compounds in Persian language and literature; the impact of the prevalence of Arabic words and synonymy on the formation of Itba' compounds in Persian language and literature. According to the findings of this research, the background of the use of Itba' compounds in the Persian language dates back to the 13th century AH. Most of the combinations seen in poetic and prose works between the first and thirteenth centuries AH, which lexicographers have considered instances of Itba' compounds, are coordinative and synonymous combinations that have been mistakenly called Itba' compounds due to changes in form and the forgetting of the meaning of the words. Itba' compounds became common from the 13th century due to the prevalence of Arabic words in the Persian language and the people's speaking habit of using synonyms in verbal conversations. With the evolution of Persian prose and the tendency of writers toward simplification and colloquial writing, these combinations entered Persian texts, especially fictional works with satirical and humorous themes.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Most of the combinations seen in poetic and prose works between the first and thirteenth centuries AH, which scholars have considered instances of Atba' compounds, are actually coordinative and synonymous combinations that have been mistakenly called Atba' compounds due to changes in form and the forgetting of the words' meanings.
Atba' compounds became common in oral conversations from the thirteenth century due to the prevalence of Arabic words in the Persian language and the habit of people to use synonyms in speech.
com Date of receipt: 2017/03/08 Date of acceptance: 2017/09/25 Journal of Persian Language and Literature, Year 26, Number 85, Autumn and Winter 2018-2019 Introduction Atba' compound words are combinations formed by repeating a part of the base word.
Contemporary lexicographers, citing a narration from the book Masalik wa al-Mamalik (authored in 232 AH), consider the combination "kandmand" in the poetry of Abu al-Naba' al-Faraqi, an Iranian poet during the Abbasid era, who composed it in grief over the destruction of Samarkand (Ibn Khordadbeh, 1371: 28), to be among the Persian Atba'.
The Manner and Reason for the Formation of Atba' Compounds in Persian Language and Literature By examining the Atba' compounds in poetic and prose works and comparing these words with the definition that grammarians have provided for Atba', three hypotheses arise: first, that many of the combinations in ancient texts are not Atba'; lexicographers, due to forgetting the meaning and the change in the word form, have mistakenly counted these combinations among neglected Atba' compounds, whereas they are considered synonymous coordinative compounds.
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