چکیده:
This article attempts to apply Barrington Moore's theory to the Iranian Revolution. The main question of this article is whether Moore's theory has the ability to explain the Iranian Revolution. To answer this question, Moore's intended variables—namely the type of agricultural system, state/class relations, the revolutionary capacity of the peasantry, and the bourgeois motivation for modernization—have first been applied to the Iranian Revolution. Then, the possibility of the occurrence of revolutions from above, peasant, and bourgeois revolutions in Iranian society has been examined.
خلاصه ماشینی:
To answer this question, Moore's intended variables, namely the type of agricultural system, state/class relations, the revolutionary potential of the peasantry, and the bourgeoisie's motivation for modernization, are first applied to the Iranian Revolution.
Strength of Bourgeois Motivation Revolutionary Capacity of Peasants State/Class Relations Type of Agricultural System Cases Results Weak Low Dependent Labor-coercion India No revolution Weak High Dependent Labor-coercion China/Russia Communist peasant revolution Medium Low Dependent Labor-coercion Germany/Japan Fascist revolution Strong High Dependent Labor-coercion France Bourgeois revolution Low Independent Market England Low Independent Market United States India In India, the bourgeois motivation for modernization has been weak.
The results obtained from Moore's analysis are more precisely stated as follows: 1- The necessary and sufficient condition for the non-occurrence of a revolution is weak revolutionary capacity in the peasants and weak bourgeois motivation for modernization.
As we know, these variables were: the bourgeois motivation for modernization, the state/ruling class relationship, the revolutionary potential of the peasant class, and the form of the agricultural system.
The societies of the countries in which such a transformation occurred (Germany and Japan) possessed these characteristics: as we have seen according to Moore's analysis, the motivation of the bourgeoisie for modernization in these countries was moderate, the form of the agricultural system was coercive, peasants were exploited, and the revolutionary potential of the peasants was low.
As we know, in societies where a peasant revolution occurred, such as Russia and China, the state was a supporter of the landed aristocracy and did not allow the bourgeoisie class to grow.
(
, 
, 
)
