چکیده:
The word 'ta'wil' in the Qur'an is used 17 times in 15 verses with meanings such as cause and purpose, explaining original forms, result and consequence of a matter, dream interpretation, carrying a word to a meaning contrary to its apparent sense, and uncovering the complexities and ambiguities (mutashabihat) of the Qur'an. Considering these verses and with careful observation of the usage of 'ta'wil' in each case, it becomes clear that the word 'ta'wil' has various meanings, although the ultimate outcome and return of all of them is to a single truth. Among these aspects, the one that is subject to dispute is the interpretation of ambiguities (ta'wil al-mutashabihat) mentioned in verse 7 of Surah Al-Imran. A group of commentators consider the 'waw' in 'wa al-rasikhuna fi al-'ilm' to be an introductory particle (istinaf), while another group considers it a conjunction (atf); as a result, the first group considers the knowledge of interpreting the ambiguities of the Qur'an to be exclusive to God Almighty, while the second group considers those firmly grounded in knowledge to be partners in knowing it.
خلاصه ماشینی:
It is stated in Al-Itqan that Al-Maturidi says: Tafsir consists of certainty and conviction regarding the intended meaning and the implication of the word, such that the commentator can take God as a witness to his opinion; thus, if there is definitive evidence for it, his Tafsir is correct, otherwise, the Tafsir is based on personal opinion (ra'y), which is prohibited, while Ta'wil is the preference of one of the possibilities without certainty and without taking God Almighty as a witness to one's intention [Suyuti 1421, Vol. 2: 545].
"ولا یعلم تأویله الاّ الله والراسخون فیالعلم" means that except for God and the scholars who have become firmly established in knowledge, no one else can find the way to the reality of the ta'wil upon which it is necessary to interpret these verses.
In this case, "والراسخون فی العلم" is the subject (mubtada) and "یقولون" is its predicate (khabar), which would mean: No one knows the ta'wil of the mutashabih verses except God, and those firmly established in knowledge say, "We believe in it; all verses are from our Lord".
Supporting this is the fact that the Companions and the Tabi'un interpreted the entire Quran, and it has not been narrated that they ever stopped at any point and said: "This is a case of mutashabihat and no one knows it except God," and Ibn Abbas also used to say regarding this verse: "I am among those firmly established in knowledge.
(
, 
, 
)
