Karl Popper and the Problem of Historical Laws مقاله

خلاصه ماشینی:

Of course, there is no doubt that a type of philosophy of history has frequently been employed with the aim of justifying the erasure and destruction of countless individuals, people who, due to their faith or ethnic origin, their status and position in society, and their beliefs and actions, were considered obstacles to historical destiny. Popper's book divides everything called "historicism" into two main types of theories: the teachings of proponents of naturalism, who claim that the methods of physical sciences can be applied to the social sciences, at least to a large extent; and the teachings of opponents of naturalism, who deny this kind of applicability and emphasize the existence of a scientific method specific to the social sciences. The issue of the fundamental and intrinsic difference between the method of historical sciences and the method of physical sciences has been one of the main points of philosophical debates from the nineteenth century to the present day, yet in Popper's book, no sign of discussion regarding these theoretical efforts (or even a reference to them) is visible, efforts which played a decisive role in the establishment, evolution, and critique of historicism. Whether such trends will ultimately lead to the emergence of totalitarianism based on dread or not, depends on the existence of various social groups that have sufficient will and power to fight against the economic and political roots of totalitarianism, and is not dependent on a specific form of philosophy of history and society.