چکیده:
The respected author of the article 'A Critical Attitude...' aims to investigate and research the scientific and industrial backwardness of Islamic society by analyzing philosophy among Muslims. Since philosophy has been the origin of sciences and arts in later times, the author addresses the question of why our societies are scientifically backward, identifying the root cause in the unity of philosophy with religion, and consequently, the sanctity and holiness of philosophy and its lack of critical receptivity and stability. In the view of the respected author, this union has both harmed the essence of religion and caused fundamental damage to philosophy. This writing intends to respond to some of the doubts raised by the author of the aforementioned article. To this end, it first provides a brief introduction regarding the history of the relationship between religion and philosophy in the Islamic world and the challenge between so-called 'theologians and philosophers'—or in other words, 'textualists and rationalists'—and subsequently addresses responses to some of the points raised in the respected author's critiques.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Therefore, it first briefly refers to the history of the relationship between religion and philosophy in the Islamic world and the challenge between the so-called "theologians and philosophers" and, in other words, "textualists and rationalists," as an introduction, and then proceeds to respond to certain points of the esteemed author's criticisms.
After this brief examination of the history of the relationship between religion and philosophy and the two positive and negative perspectives on it, we proceed to the theories that the honorable author (critical approach) has presented in this article.
What the honorable author of the article "Critical Approach" has set as a premise for his critique is that "philosophy is a matter of reason and religion is a matter of the heart," and it seems as though there is no connection or harmony between the two.
A look at the history of Sufism and its transformations, from its emergence in the Islamic world to the appearance of theoretical Sufism and the argumentative approach to Sufi issues, is another witness to this fact; although in the first period, what figures like Bayazid and Hallaj expressed was colored by religion and mostly used terminology derived from religious culture, it did not take long before they needed reasoning for their own survival against the criticisms and attacks of opponents, such that Muhyiddin Ibn Arabi analyzes human cognitive faculties to address the inability of reason and the truthfulness of the spiritual journey.
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